Difference between revisions of "903.3 Ground-Mounted Sign Supports"

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[[image:903.2 Ground-Mounted Signs.jpg|right|300px]]
 
[[image:903.2 Ground-Mounted Signs.jpg|right|300px]]
  
Signs are ground-mounted whenever possible unless mounting overhead is justified. All ground-mounted structural and sheet signs are mounted on pipe posts, wide flange (WF) fabricated steel posts, u-channel posts, perforated square steel tube posts or wood posts as shown in the standard plans.
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==903.3.1 Post-Mounted Sign Installation==
  
Cross-sections of relocated or new signs are drawn and included in the final plans. The cross-sections are drawn to a 1" = 5' (1:50) scale to allow for scaling of quantities.  The following information is shown for each sign:  sign number, station, edge of travelway, edge of shoulder, sign dimensions, guardrail and curb locations, post configuration, all non-standard horizontal and vertical clearances, backing bars and post lengths.  Random grid lines are used to draw the cross-section and elevations are not shown.  For multiple post designs, number the posts from left to right, and use only one post design type per sign.  All cross-sections are drawn as the driver views the sign face.  Existing signs relocated to new posts and posts being used in place are shown with dashed lines.  All back-to-back signs are noted, and the far sign is shown with dashed lines.  It is not necessary to outline the foundation size since this information is noted in the standard plans.  A note is added to the cross-section if the foundation depth is greater than the minimum shown in the standard plans.  See [http://www.modot.mo.gov/business/standards_and_specs/documents/90303.pdf Standard Plan 903.03] for recommended foundation depths for various post designs and slopes.  The post stub length is shown below the finished ground line in order to scale the correct post pay length.  [[media:903.2 Example Cross Sections.pdf|Acceptable examples of ground-mounted cross-sections]] are available.
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'''Guidance.''' Signs should be post-mounted whenever possible unless mounting overhead is justified.  
  
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'''Standard.''' All post-mounted structural signs and sheet signs shall be mounted on pipe posts, wide flange (WF) fabricated steel posts, u-channel posts, perforated square steel tube posts or wood posts as shown in the standard plans.
 
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|'''Forms'''
 
|'''Forms'''
 
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|[[Media:903.2a Signpost Selection Guide.xls|Signpost Selection Guide]]
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|[[Media:903.2a Signpost Selection Guide 2014.xls|Signpost Selection Guide]]
 
|-
 
|-
 
|[http://epg.modot.mo.gov/documents/903.2aPrintableSignpostSelectionGuide.xls Printable Signpost Selection Guide for use in the field]
 
|[http://epg.modot.mo.gov/documents/903.2aPrintableSignpostSelectionGuide.xls Printable Signpost Selection Guide for use in the field]
 
|}
 
|}
  
Whenever possible, available overhead sign support structure columns, signal poles, etc. are used to mount sheet signs.  This is less expensive and encourages cross comparisons of signal and signing plans.  Utility poles are not used to mount signs.
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Cross-sections of relocated or new signs shall be drawn and included in the final plans. The cross-sections are drawn to a scale of 1 in. = 5 ft. (1:50) to allow for scaling of quantities. Random grid lines shall be used to draw the cross-section and elevations are not shown. All cross-sections shall be drawn as the driver views the sign face. A note shall be added to the cross-section if the footing depth is greater than the minimum shown in the standard plans.
  
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The following information shall be shown for each sign:
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:* Sign number
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:* Station
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:* Edge of traveled way
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:* Edge of shoulder
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:* Sign dimensions
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:* Guardrail and curb locations
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:* Post configuration
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:* All non-standard horizontal and vertical clearances
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:* Backing bars and post lengths
  
==903.2.1 Horizontal Clearances (MUTCD Section 2A.19)==
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For multiple post designs, the posts shall be numbered from left to right, and only one post design type per sign shall be used.  
  
'''Standard.'''  For [[903.3 Overhead Guide Sign Mounting|overhead sign]] supports, the minimum lateral offset from the edge of the shoulder (or, if no shoulder exists, from the edge of pavement) to the near edge of overhead sign supports (cantilever or sign bridges) shall be 6 ft.  Overhead sign supports shall have a barrier or crash cushion to shield them if they are within the clear zone.  
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Existing signs relocated to new posts and posts being used in place shall be shown with dashed lines.
  
Ground-mounted sign supports shall be breakaway, yielding, or shielded with a longitudinal barrier or crash cushion if within the clear zone.
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All signs that are back-to-back shall be noted and the far sign shall be shown with dashed lines.
  
'''Guidance.'''  For ground-mounted signs, the minimum lateral offset should be 6 ft. from the edge of the travelway.  If an existing shoulder is wider than 6 ft., the minimum lateral offset for ground-mounted signs should be 6 ft. from the edge of the shoulder or front face of curb.   
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It is not necessary to outline the footing width and depth since this information is noted in the standard plans.
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The post stub length shall be shown below the finished ground line in order to scale the correct post pay length.
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'''Guidance.''' Utility and light poles should not be used to mount signs as they are either not the property and maintenance responsibly of MoDOT or are not designed to carry the additional wind loading a sign adds to the structure.
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'''Option.'''  In areas with space restrictions, available sign truss columns, signal poles, bridge columns or other significant MoDOT structures, excluding roadway lighting structures, may be used to mount flat sheet aluminum signs.
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'''Support.''' See [https://www.modot.org/media/16921 Standard Plan 903.03] for recommended footing depths for various post designs and slopes.
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==903.3.2 Lateral Offset (MUTCD Section 2A.19)==
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'''Standard.'''  Post-mounted sign supports shall be crashworthy (breakaway, yielding or shielded with a longitudinal barrier or crash cushion) if within the clear zone.
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'''Guidance.'''  For post-mounted signs, the minimum lateral offset should be 12 ft. from the edge of the travelway.  If an existing shoulder is wider than 6 ft., the minimum lateral offset for post-mounted signs should be 6 ft. from the edge of the shoulder or front face of curb.   
  
 
Where existing signs are located within 6 ft. of a utility pole, they should be relocated to provide a minimum distance of 12 ft. where practical through normal sign replacement.   
 
Where existing signs are located within 6 ft. of a utility pole, they should be relocated to provide a minimum distance of 12 ft. where practical through normal sign replacement.   
  
EXIT signs placed in the gore only require a 2 ft. horizontal clearance from both edges of shoulder or front face of curbs.
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EXIT signs placed in the gore only require a 2 ft. lateral offset from both edges of shoulder or front face of curbs.
  
For divisional and channelizing islands, a 2 ft. offset should be maintained between the edge of sign and the front face of curb.  For islands with restricted width the sign should not extend beyond the curb.  When signing at the nose of a 4 ft. median, a 1 ft. offset is acceptable between the edge of sign and the front face of curb.
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For divisional and channelizing islands, a 2 ft. lateral offset should be maintained between the edge of sign and the front face of curb.  For islands with restricted width the sign should not extend beyond the curb.  When signing at the nose of a 4 ft. median, a 1 ft. lateral offset is acceptable between the edge of sign and the front face of curb.
  
 
Maximum clearances will depend on roadway geometrics, profiles, and cross-sections, which all affect the visibility of the sign.  Sheet type and structural type signs are generally to be placed no more than 15 ft. from the edge of shoulder.
 
Maximum clearances will depend on roadway geometrics, profiles, and cross-sections, which all affect the visibility of the sign.  Sheet type and structural type signs are generally to be placed no more than 15 ft. from the edge of shoulder.
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'''Support.'''  The minimum lateral offset is intended to keep trucks and cars that use the shoulders from striking the signs or supports.
 
'''Support.'''  The minimum lateral offset is intended to keep trucks and cars that use the shoulders from striking the signs or supports.
  
It is acceptable to adjust the standard horizontal clearance to obtain a better cross-section and still maintain sign effectiveness and visibility.  For example, signposts are not placed in the center of ditches; therefore the horizontal clearance may be adjusted to better span a flat bottom ditch.  Existing drainage structures, pull boxes and sidewalks may also affect horizontal clearance.
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It is acceptable to adjust the standard lateral offset to obtain a better cross-section and still maintain sign effectiveness and visibility.  For example, signposts are not placed in the center of ditches; therefore the lateral offset may be adjusted to better span a flat bottom ditch.  Existing drainage structures, pull boxes and sidewalks may also affect lateral offset.
  
A minimum sight distance of signs should be maintained.  There should be a minimum of 60 ft.  of sight distance for each inch of letter height with a 1,000 ft. minimum for all mainline signs.  A minimum of 250 ft. of sight distance is desired for signs on conventional roads, refer to [[903.6 Warning Signs#Table 903.6.3 Warning Sign Sizes|Tables 903.6.3]] and [[903.6 Warning Signs#Table 903.6.7 Horizontal Alignment Sign Usage|903.6.7]].  When this is not possible, relocating the sign or providing additional advance signing should be considered.
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Lateral offset are not noted on [http://epg.modot.org/forms/DE%202017%20Forms/DELiaison/D-29.pdf Form D-29] unless they differ from the standard 6 ft. offset.
 
 
Horizontal clearances are not noted on [[media:D-29.pdf|Form D-29]] unless they differ from the standard 6 ft. offset.
 
  
 
'''Guidance.'''  All supports should be located as far as practical from the edge of the shoulder.  Exposing traffic to sign supports should be minimized by placing signs in such locations as behind existing roadside barriers or on over-crossing structures.
 
'''Guidance.'''  All supports should be located as far as practical from the edge of the shoulder.  Exposing traffic to sign supports should be minimized by placing signs in such locations as behind existing roadside barriers or on over-crossing structures.
  
A minimum sight distance of signs should be maintained.  There should be a minimum of 60 ft. of sight distance for each inch of letter height with a 1000 ft. minimum for all mainline signs.  Signs on conventional roads should have a minimum 250 ft. sight distance.  Refer to [[903.6 Warning Signs#Table 903.6.3 Warning Sign Sizes|Tables 903.6.3]] and [[903.6 Warning Signs#Table 903.6.7 Horizontal Alignment Sign Usage|903.6.7]].  When this is not possible, relocating or providing additional advance signing should be considered.
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A minimum sight distance of signs should be maintained.  There should be a minimum of 60 ft. of sight distance for each inch of letter height with a 1000 ft. minimum for all mainline signs.  Signs on conventional roads should have a minimum 250 ft. sight distance.  Refer to [[903.6 Warning Signs#Table 903.6.5 Warning Sign Sizes|Tables 903.6.5]] and [[903.6 Warning Signs#Table 903.6.6 Horizontal Alignment Sign Usage|903.6.6]].  When this is not possible, relocating or providing additional advance signing should be considered.
  
 
'''Option.'''  Where permitted, signs may be placed on existing supports used for other purposes, such as highway traffic signal supports.   
 
'''Option.'''  Where permitted, signs may be placed on existing supports used for other purposes, such as highway traffic signal supports.   
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'''Standard.'''  If signs are placed on existing supports, they shall meet other placement criteria contained in this article.
 
'''Standard.'''  If signs are placed on existing supports, they shall meet other placement criteria contained in this article.
  
'''Option.'''  Lesser lateral offsets may be used on connecting roadways or ramps at interchanges, but not less than 6 ft. from the edge of the travelway.  In urban areas where lateral offsets are limited, a minimum lateral offset of 2 ft. may be used.  A minimum offset of 1 ft. from the face of the curb may be used in urban areas where sidewalk width is limited or where existing poles are close to the curb.
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'''Option.'''  Lesser lateral offsets may be used on connecting roadways or ramps at interchanges, but not less than 6 ft. from the edge of the travelway.  In urban areas where it is impractical to locate a sign with the lateral offset prescribed by this article, a lateral offset of at least 2 ft. may be used.  A lateral offset of at least 1 ft. from the face of the curb may be used in business, commercial or residential areas where sidewalk width is limited or where existing poles are close to the curb.
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'''Guidance.''' Post-mounted sign supports should not intrude into the usable width of a sidewalk or other pedestrian facility.
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'''Support.'''  [[903.2 Extent of Signing#Fig. 903.2.26.1 Examples|Figs. 903.2.26.1 and 903.2.26.2]] illustrate some examples of the lateral offset requirements contained in this portion of the article.
  
'''Support.''' [[903.1 Extent of Signing#903.1.23 Location Standardization (MUTCD Section 2A.16)|Figures 903.1.23.1 and 903.1.23.2]] illustrate some examples of the lateral offset requirements contained in this portion of the article.
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It is acceptable to adjust the standard lateral offset to obtain a better cross-section and still maintain sign effectiveness and visibilityFor example, signposts are not placed in the center of ditches, therefore the lateral offset may be adjusted to better span a flat bottom ditch. Existing drainage structures, pull boxes and sidewalks may also affect lateral offset.
  
It is acceptable to adjust the standard horizontal clearance to obtain a better cross-section and still maintain sign effectiveness and visibility. For example, signposts are not placed in the center of ditches, therefore the horizontal clearance may be adjusted to better span a flat bottom ditch. Existing drainage structures, pull boxes and sidewalks may also affect horizontal clearance.
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==903.3.3 Mounting Height (MUTCD Section 2A.18)==
  
==903.2.2 Vertical Clearances (MUTCD Section 2A.18)==
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'''Standard.'''  The provisions below shall apply unless specifically stated otherwise for a particular sign or object marker elsewhere in the EPG.
  
'''Standard.'''  Vertical clearances for single wide-flange and all post designs are set from the edge of travelway to the bottom of the lowest sign.  Vertical clearances for multiple wide-flange posts are set from the edge of travelway to the bottom of the lowest sign, or the length of the shortest post, whichever requirement provides the higher clearance.  Vertical clearances for different designs are shown in the standard plans.
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Mounting heights for single wide-flange and all post designs are set from the edge of travelway to the bottom of the lowest sign.  Mounting heights for multiple wide-flange posts are set from the edge of travelway to the bottom of the lowest sign, or the length of the shortest post, whichever requirement provides the higher clearance.  Mounting heights for different designs are shown in the standard plans.
  
Supports for [[903.4 Guide Signs#903.4.1.5 Legend Types|SH signs]], such as regulatory, warning and route shield markers, are designed to provide a vertical clearance of 7 ft. 0 in.  
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Supports for sheet SH signs, such as regulatory, warning and route shield markers, are designed to provide a mounting height of 7 ft. 0 in.  
  
 
All two- and three-post signs (any LOGO sign or sign with white legend on green, blue or brown sheeting) have a minimum 7 ft. 6 in. clearance from the edge of travelway.  Also, the shortest post is a minimum of 7 ft. 9 in. above the ground line to the bottom of the lowest sign.  This will provide sufficient post length to allow hinge plate installation, provide a 7 ft. 0 in.  clearance for errant vehicle impacts, and a 6 in. field adjustment.
 
All two- and three-post signs (any LOGO sign or sign with white legend on green, blue or brown sheeting) have a minimum 7 ft. 6 in. clearance from the edge of travelway.  Also, the shortest post is a minimum of 7 ft. 9 in. above the ground line to the bottom of the lowest sign.  This will provide sufficient post length to allow hinge plate installation, provide a 7 ft. 0 in.  clearance for errant vehicle impacts, and a 6 in. field adjustment.
  
Due to wide-flange post limitations, large vertical clearances of 25 ft. or more are avoided by either moving the sign or considering a truss-mounted sign.
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Due to wide-flange post limitations, large mounting heights of 25 ft. or more are avoided by either moving the sign or considering a truss-mounted sign.
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All two- and three-wide flange post signs contain hinge plates as shown in the standard plans.  On the shortest post a mounting height of 7 ft. 9 in. is maintained from ground line to the bottom of the lowest sign.  This will allow sufficient length of post for a hinge point cut line 3 in. from the bottom of the lowest sign.  Maintaining this clearance on the shortest post is critical for exit gore and other signs located between roadways and have high exposure to traffic.
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The minimum height, measured vertically from the bottom of the sign to the elevation of the near edge of the pavement, of signs installed at the side of the road in rural areas shall be 5 feet.
  
All two- and three-wide flange post signs contain hinge plates as shown in the standard plans.  On the shortest post a vertical clearance of 7 ft. 9 in. is maintained from ground line to the bottom of the lowest sign.  This will allow sufficient length of post for a hinge point cut line 3 in. from the bottom of the lowest sign.  Maintaining this clearance on the shortest post is critical for exit gore and other signs located between roadways and have high exposure to traffic.
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The minimum height, measured vertically from the bottom of the sign to the top of the curb, or in the absence of curb, measured vertically from the bottom of the sign to the elevation of the near edge of the travelway, of signs installed at the side of the road where parking or pedestrian movements are likely to occur, or where the view of the sign might be obstructed, shall be 7 feet.
  
'''Option.'''  The height to the bottom of a secondary sign mounted below another sign may be 1 ft. less than the height specified above.
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'''Option.'''  The height to the bottom of a secondary sign mounted below another sign may be 1 ft. less than the height specified in this article.
  
Where signs are placed 30 ft. or more from the edge of the travelway, the height to the bottom of such signs may be 5 ft. above the level of the pavement edge with a 5 ft. minimum post length.
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Signs are placed 30 ft. or more from the edge of the travelway may be installed with a minimum height of 5 ft., measured vertically from the bottom of the sign to the elevation of the near edge of the pavement.
  
 
A route sign assembly consisting of a route sign and auxiliary signs (see Route Sign Assemblies) may be treated as a single sign for the purposes of this article.
 
A route sign assembly consisting of a route sign and auxiliary signs (see Route Sign Assemblies) may be treated as a single sign for the purposes of this article.
  
All posts except structural posts should have a minimum clearance of 5 ft. above the driving surface with a minimum post length of 5 ft. above the ground.  The mounting height may be adjusted when supports are located near the edge of the right of way on a steep backslope.
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All posts except structural posts should have a minimum clearance of 5 ft. above the driving surface with a minimum post length of 5 ft. above the ground.   
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The mounting height may be adjusted when supports are located near the edge of the right of way on a steep backslope to avoid the sometimes less desirable alternative of placing the sign closer to the roadway.  
  
'''Support.'''  Without this flexibility regarding steep backslopes, a decision to relocate the sign closer to the road could be made, which might be less desirable.
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'''Support.'''  [[903.2 Extent of Signing#Fig. 903.2.26.1 Examples|Fig. 903.2.26.1]] illustrates some examples of the mounting height requirements contained in this article.
  
==903.2.3 Pipe Posts==
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==903.3.4 Pipe Posts==
  
Steel pipe posts are used for [[903.4 Guide Signs#903.4.1.5 Legend Types|sheet (SH) signs]] up to 30 ft<sup>2</sup>.  Available pipe size inside diameters are 2-1/2 in., 3 in. and 4 in.  Post sizes are determined using the [[Media:903.2a Signpost Selection Guide.xls|Signpost Selection Guide]].  A [http://epg.modot.mo.gov/documents/903.2aPrintableSignpostSelectionGuide.xls printable Signpost Selection Guide for use in the field] is also available.  It is recommended to provide a two-post design for sheet sign widths greater than 3 ft. 6 in. (other than diamonds or the 48 in. and 60 in. Yield).  The extreme width sign, W, is calculated as: W = (area of signs + area of exposed backing bars + area of post above bottom of sign)/(extreme height of sign).  For additional information, consult the [[Media:903.2a Signpost Selection Guide.xls|Signpost Selection Guide]] (signpost calculator).
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'''Support.''' Steel pipe posts are used for sheet (SH) signs up to 30 ft<sup>2</sup>.  Available pipe size inside diameters are 2-1/2 in., 3 in. and 4 inch.  Post sizes are determined using the [[Media:903.2a Signpost Selection Guide 2014.xls|Signpost Selection Guide]].  A [http://epg.modot.mo.gov/documents/903.2aPrintableSignpostSelectionGuide.xls printable Signpost Selection Guide for use in the field] is also available.  It is recommended to provide a two-post design for sheet sign widths greater than 3 ft. 6 in. (other than diamonds or the 48 in. and 60 in. YIELD signs).  The extreme width sign, W, is calculated as: W = (area of signs + area of exposed backing bars + area of post above bottom of sign)/(extreme height of sign).  For additional information, consult the [[Media:903.2a Signpost Selection Guide 2014.xls|Signpost Selection Guide]]. A [[media:903.3.4 Pipe Quick Reference.pdf|Pipe Quick Reference]] is also available for commonly used signs and assemblies encountered in the field.
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Pipe posts should be used for route marker assemblies due to their multi-directional breakaway characteristics.
  
 
It is desirable to keep posts out of the ditch flow line, when possible.
 
It is desirable to keep posts out of the ditch flow line, when possible.
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Breakaway assemblies on pipe posts are integral with the post design and are incidental to the cost of the post.
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The standard plans show design data for computing the weights (masses) of pipe posts, along with data for computing footing quantities.
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==903.3.5 Wide Flange (WF) Posts==
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'''Support.''' WF posts are used for mounting signs larger than 30 ft<sup>2</sup>.  The post design number is determined from [[Media:903.2a Signpost Selection Guide 2014.xls|Signpost Selection Guide]] when a sign is mounted alone or with an exit panel above the main sign.  A [http://epg.modot.mo.gov/documents/903.2aPrintableSignpostSelectionGuide.xls printable Signpost Selection Guide for use in the field] is also available.  The extreme width sign, W, is calculated as: W = (area of signs + area of exposed backing bars + area of post above bottom of sign)/(extreme height of sign).
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For post designs No. 3, No. 4, No.5 and No.6 having weights greater than 18 lbs/ft., posts shall be spaced at least 7 ft. apart.  For post designs No. 1 and No. 2, posts may be spaced less than 7 ft. apart.  Do not use three No. 1 or No. 2 posts with a sign width of less than 10 feet 6 inches.
  
Breakaway assemblies are required on all pipe posts, regardless of locationMulti-direction assemblies are also required and are noted on [[media:D-29.doc|Form D-29]].
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In many cases, two designs are possible using a two- or three-post design chart.  There are no special criteria for determining which of these two designs to use.  Generally, signs from 6 to 17 ft. wide will be designed for two posts, while signs wider than 17 ft. requires three posts.  It is desirable to keep posts out of the ditch flow line and median, when possibleThis may be a deciding factor for a two-post or three-post design.
  
The standard plans show design data for computing the weights (masses) of pipe posts, along with data for computing footing quantities.
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A single WF post shall not be used to support route marker assemblies. For larger two-post sign design combinations consult the [[Media:903.2a Signpost Selection Guide 2014.xls|Signpost Selection Guide]].  The next higher post design is used when in doubt.
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[https://www.modot.org/media/16921 Standard Plan 903.03] shows data needed for computing the weights (masses) of WF posts, along with data to compute footing quantities.
  
==903.2.4 Wide Flange (WF) Posts==
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Breakaway assemblies on WF posts are integral with the post design and are incidental to the cost of the post.
  
WF posts are used for mounting signs larger than 30 ft<sup>2</sup>.  The post design number is determined from [[Media:903.2a Signpost Selection Guide.xls|Signpost Selection Guide]] when a sign is mounted alone or with an exit panel above the main sign.  A [http://epg.modot.mo.gov/documents/903.2aPrintableSignpostSelectionGuide.xls printable Signpost Selection Guide for use in the field] is also available.  The extreme width sign, W, is calculated as: W = (area of signs + area of exposed backing bars + area of post above bottom of sign)/(extreme height of sign).
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==903.3.6 U-Channel Posts==
  
For post designs Nos. 3, 4, 5 and 6 having weights greater than 18 lbs/ft., posts shall be spaced at least 7 ft. apart.  For post designs Nos. 1 and 2, posts may be spaced less than 7 ft. apart. Do not use three No. 1 or 2 posts with a sign width of less than 10 ft. 6 in.
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'''Support.''' Steel channel posts are authorized as an alternate to wood posts in accordance with the [[Media:903.2a Signpost Selection Guide 2014.xls|Signpost Selection Guide]].
  
In many cases, two designs are possible using a two- or three-post design chartThere are no special criteria for determining which of these two designs to use.  Generally, signs from 6 to 17 ft. wide will be designed for two posts, while signs wider than 17 ft. requires three posts. It is desirable to keep posts out of the ditch flow line and median, when possibleThis may be a deciding factor for a two- or three-post design.
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These supports are galvanized 3 lb. steel posts used primarily for installing sheet (SH) signsDetails of these posts are shown on Standard Plan 903.03.   
  
While pipe posts are cheaper, a single WF post can support side-by-side route marker assemblies. Normally a number one WF post design will support a side-by-side assembly.  For larger two-post sign design combinations consult the [[Media:903.2a Signpost Selection Guide.xls|Signpost Selection Guide]]. The next higher post design is used when in doubt.
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These posts are paid for by linear foot. No additional payment is made for hardware. The number of posts to be used is based on the sign area for each installation and is determined using the [[Media:903.2a Signpost Selection Guide 2014.xls|Signpost Selection Guide]]. Breakaway assemblies are not required for steel channel posts.
  
[http://www.modot.mo.gov/business/standards_and_specs/documents/90303.pdf Standard Plan 903.03] shows data needed for computing the weights (masses) of WF posts, along with data to compute footing quantities.
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'''Guidance.'''  Use of these posts should be based on discussions with district Traffic.
  
Breakaway assemblies are required on all WF posts, regardless of location and are noted on Form D-29 (see Figure 8-03.4). Multi-direction assemblies are not available for WF footings.
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'''Option.''' The steel channel posts may have an optional soil or stabilizer plate (¼ in. x 10 in. x 10 in.) secured to the lower portion of the post by a minimum of two 5/16 in. diameter sign bolts so that the final location of the plate on the driven post is approximately 6 in. below the ground surface. This plate may be required on posts driven into soils typically encountered in northern or southeast Missouri or river bottoms. A typical 14 ft. post is driven a minimum of 2.5 ft. into the ground with 7.25 ft. maximum from the ground to the bottom of the sign, with 3.5 ft. behind the sign.
  
==903.2.5 U-Channel Posts==
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Steel channel posts may be direct driven or installed by means of a stub.
  
These supports are galvanized 3 lb. (1.4 kg) steel posts used primarily for installing [[903.4 Guide Signs#903.4.1.5 Legend Types|SH signs]].  Details of these posts are shown on Standard Plan 903.03.  The number of posts to be used is based on the sign area for each installation and is calculated from the Post Size Requirements Table in [http://www.modot.mo.gov/business/standards_and_specs/documents/61610.pdf Standard Plan 616.10].  The [[Media:903.2a Signpost Selection Guide.xls|Signpost Selection Guide]] is also available.  Use of these posts should be based on discussions with district Traffic.  These posts are paid for by the linear foot.  No additional payment will be made for hardware.
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'''Standard.''' Stubs, if used, shall be installed in accordance with [https://www.modot.org/media/16921 Standard Plan 903.03]
  
==903.2.6 Wood Posts==
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==903.3.7 Wood Posts==
 
[[image:903.2.6.jpg|right|250px]]
 
[[image:903.2.6.jpg|right|250px]]
These supports are pressure treated 4 in. x 4 in., 4 in. x 6 in. or 6 in. x 6 in. wood posts used primarily for installing [[903.4 Guide Signs#903.4.1.5 Legend Types|SH signs]].  Details of these posts are shown on [http://www.modot.mo.gov/business/standards_and_specs/documents/90303.pdf Standard Plan 903.03].  The number of posts to be used is based on the sign area for each installation and is calculated from the Post Size Requirements Table in Standard Plan 616.10. Use of the [[Media:903.2a Signpost Selection Guide.xls|Signpost Selection Guide]] is available as is a [http://epg.modot.mo.gov/documents/903.2aPrintableSignpostSelectionGuide.xls printable Signpost Selection Guide for use in the field]. Use of these posts should be based on discussions with district Traffic. These posts are paid for by the linear foot. No additional payment is made for slotting the larger posts or for hardware.
+
'''Support.''' These supports are pressure treated 4 in. x 4 in., 4 in. x 6 in., or 6 in. x 6 in. wood posts used primarily for installing sheet (SH) signs.  Details of these posts are shown on [https://www.modot.org/media/16921 Standard Plan 903.03].  These posts are paid for by the linear foot. No additional payment is made for slotting the larger posts or for hardware.  The number of posts to be used is based on the sign area for each installation and is determined using the [[Media:903.2a Signpost Selection Guide 2014.xls|Signpost Selection Guide]]. A [http://epg.modot.mo.gov/documents/903.2aPrintableSignpostSelectionGuide.xls printable Signpost Selection Guide for use in the field] is also available.
 +
 
 +
'''Standard.''' Signs shall be mounted on the 4 in. face side of the 4 in. x 6 in. wood post.
 +
Required drilling of these posts to create a breakaway system shall be performed according to Fig. 903.3.7.
  
==903.2.7 Perforated Square Steel Tube Posts==
+
'''Guidance.''' Use of these posts should be based on discussions with district Traffic.
  
These supports are galvanized 2 in. square 12 gauge steel posts used primarily for installing [[903.4 Guide Signs#903.4.1.5 Legend Types|SH signs]].  Details of these posts are shown on Standard Plan 903.03.  The number of posts to be used is based on the sign area for each installation and is calculated from the Post Size Requirements Table on [http://www.modot.mo.gov/business/standards_and_specs/documents/61610.pdf Standard Plan 616.10].  Use of the [[Media:903.2a Signpost Selection Guide.xls|Signpost Selection Guide]] is available as is a [http://epg.modot.mo.gov/documents/903.2aPrintableSignpostSelectionGuide.xls printable Signpost Selection Guide for use in the field].  Use of these posts should be based on discussions with district Traffic. The actual posts are paid for by the linear footAn additional [http://www.modot.mo.gov/business/contractor_resources/biditemslisting.htm bid item] must be included for the anchor sleeve, paid for by the linear foot, for each post used.  No additional payment will be made for hardware.
+
In general, one-fourth of the length of a wood signpost should be in the ground. The minimum length of post in the ground should be 30 in. to ensure a stable installation.   
  
==903.2.8 Secondary Sign Supports==
+
[[image:903.3.7.jpg|thumb|center|700px|<center>'''Fig. 903.3.7. Details for Wood Posts Requiring Breakaway Design'''</center>]]
  
These supports are aluminum wide-flange posts used to attach service signs and exit number panels to structural signs.  Details of these posts are shown in the standard plans.  There is no direct bid for these posts.
+
===Splicing Wood Posts===
  
==903.2.9 Backing Bars==
+
'''Standard.''' The district shall retain salvageable broken wood signposts for recycling.  
  
Backing bars support wide [[903.4 Guide Signs#903.4.1.5 Legend Types|SH signs]] and side-by-side route assemblies. The standard plans show requirements for backing bars and additional information is given in [[903.18 Preparation of Sign Plans#903.18.3 Computation of Quantities|903.18.3.8]]. Lengths and the weight per foot of backing bars are shown in the standard plans. Backing bars are totaled and included in the bid item for structural steel posts.  Backing bars are totaled on [[media:D-29.doc|Form D-29]].
+
'''Support.''' Three methods have been established for the purpose of splicing these posts. Figs. 903.3.7.1 and 903.3.7.2 represent the two methods for splicing posts both in the field and in the shop. Fig. 903.3.7.1 represents the most feasible and economical method used for splicing posts in the field. Fig. 903.3.7.2 depicts splices that can be performed in the shop or field as dictated by conditions and equipment.  
  
==903.2.10 Hinge Plates==
+
'''Guidance.''' For the method as shown in Fig. 903.3.7.1, the splice should be located as near the top of the post as possible (minimum of 30 in. above the ground line) and the sign mounted on the post perpendicular to the "Z" shaped cut; that is, with the sign face perpendicular to the splicing bolts.
 +
 
 +
[[image:903.3.7.1.jpg|thumb|center|700px|<center>'''Fig. 903.3.7.1. Wood Post Shop Splicing Details'''</center>]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:903.3.7.2.jpg|thumb|center|700px|<center>'''Fig. 903.3.7.2 Wood Post Shop/Field Splicing Details'''</center>]]
 +
 
 +
==903.3.8 Perforated Square Steel Tube Posts==
 +
 
 +
'''Support.''' Perforated Square Steel Tube (PSST) is authorized as an alternate to wood posts in accordance with the Signpost Selection Guide. These supports are galvanized 2 in. or 2.5 in.  square 12-gauge steel posts used primarily for installing sheet (SH) signs.  Details of these posts are shown on Standard Plan 903.03.
 +
 
 +
These posts are paid for by the linear foot, for each post used. An additional bid item must be included for the anchor sleeve for each post used and are also paid for by the linear foot. Omni-Directional anchors may be used for installation in weak or loose soil conditions. No additional payment will be made for hardware.
 +
 
 +
Standard Plan 903.03 shows details for selection of anchor sleeve based on post size. The 7 ga. post anchor is used with 2 in. PSST post when the post will be installed in a concrete footing or as an option if rocky soil conditions exist.
  
[[image:903.2.10 Hinge Plate.jpg|right|275px]]
 
  
Hinge plates are installed on all multiple post WF post designs as shown in the standard plans. Hinge plate cut lines are 3 in. below the bottom of the lowest sign. The cut line is a minimum of 7 ft. 6 in. above the ground line on the shortest post.  No direct pay is made for hinge plates.
+
The number of posts to be used is based on the sign area for each installation and is determined using the [[Media:903.2a Signpost Selection Guide 2014.xls|Signpost Selection Guide]]. A [http://epg.modot.mo.gov/documents/903.2aPrintableSignpostSelectionGuide.xls printable Signpost Selection Guide for use in the field] and a [[media:903.3.8 PSST Quick Reference.pdf|PSST Quick Reference Guide]] for commonly used signs and assemblies encountered in the field is also available. Signs wider than 8 ft. should be mounted using Pipe or WF post.
  
==903.2.11 Breakaway Assemblies==
+
PSST posts work well in paved areas where replacement of conventional signs posts is difficult and time-consuming and where frequent knockdowns occur. An island at an urban intersection would be an example of this, where the concrete surfacing prevents easy sign replacement and where accident damage is frequent.
 +
 +
Breakaway devices are not required for PSST posts unless required by Signpost Selection Guide.
  
Breakaway assemblies are provided for all ground mounted pipe post and WF post designs regardless of location.  Breakaway assembly details are shown in the standard plans and additional information is given [[903.18 Preparation of Sign Plans#903.18.3 Computation of Quantities|for preparation of sign plans at 903.18.3.7]]and at [[903.14 Sign Supports#903.14.1 Breakaway Design and the Signpost Selection Guide (MUTCD Section 2K.01)|903.14.1 for sign support]] information.  Breakaway assemblies are totaled on [[media:D-29.doc|Form D-29]].
+
'''Option.''' PSST posts may be direct-driven or installed by means of a sleeve that is first installed and then the post inserted and attached to the sleeve by means of a corner bolt.  
  
Breakaway assemblies are not required for U-channel or wood postsFor perforated square steel tube posts, though, a breakaway design may or may not be required depending on the configuration of the posts.  The [[Media:903.2a Signpost Selection Guide.xls|Signpost Selection Guide]] should be referenced to make an appropriate determination.  
+
'''Guidance.''' Use of these posts should be based on discussions with district Traffic.
  
==903.2.12 Orientation (MUTCD Section 2A.20)==
+
==903.3.9 Secondary Sign Supports==
  
'''Support.''' The brightness of the sign may drop 24 percent when the normal offset from edge of travelway is increased to 30 ft.  The legibility remains at an 80 percent level or higher when using the standard 6 ft. offset.  The skew angle shown on the standard plans is valid for signs on tangent sections of road regardless of offset distance.  The skew angle may be adjusted to maintain brightness and avoid glare for signs on curved sections of roadThe plans indicate which signs require a skew angle other than that shown in the standard plans.
+
'''Support.''' These supports are aluminum wide-flange posts used to attach service signs and exit number panels to structural signs.  Details of these posts are shown in the standard plans.  There is no direct bid for these posts.
  
'''Guidance.'''  Unless otherwise stated in this article, signs should be vertically mounted at right angles to the direction of, and facing, the traffic that they are intended to serve.
+
==903.3.10 Backing Bars==
  
Where mirror reflection from the sign face is encountered to such a degree as to reduce legibility, the sign should be turned slightly away from the roadSigns that are placed 30 ft. or more from the pavement edge should be turned toward the road. On curved alignments, the angle of placement should be determined by the direction of approaching traffic rather than by the roadway edge at the point where the sign is located.
+
'''Support.''' Backing bars support wide SH signs and side-by-side route assemblies.  The standard plans show requirements for backing.  Lengths and the weight per foot of backing bars are shown in the standard plans.  Backing bars are totaled and included in the bid item for structural steel postsBacking bars are totaled on [http://epg.modot.org/forms/DE%202017%20Forms/DELiaison/D-29.pdf Form D-29]. If there is no structural steel posts, then the backing bars are included in the [http://www.modot.mo.gov/business/contractor_resources/biditemslisting.htm bid item] for pipe posts.
  
'''Option.'''  The standard skew angle is 93 degrees.  However, skew angle may be adjusted to maintain brightness and avoid glare for signs on curved sections of road.
+
==903.3.11 Hinge Plates==
  
==903.2.13 Sign Identification Decal (MUTCD Section 2A.20a)==
+
[[image:903.2.10 Hinge Plate.jpg|right|275px]]
  
'''Standard.'''  Every MoDOT sign, regardless of the type or style, shall have an ID on the sign.  At the time of installation of the new sign, the year and month shall be indicated.
+
'''Support.''' Hinge plates are installed on all WF post designs as shown in the standard plans. Hinge plate cut lines are 3 in. below the bottom of the lowest sign.  The cut line is a minimum of 7 ft. 6 in. above the ground line on the shortest post.  No direct pay is made for hinge plates.
  
'''Support.'''  The Sign Production Center is currently silk screening or placing these IDs on the front side in the lower right hand corner of the sign.
+
==903.3.12 Breakaway Assemblies==
  
==903.2.14 Post and Mountings (MUTCD Section 2A.21)==
+
'''Standard.''' All signposts shall be an approved breakaway assemblies design. All sign supports used shall be in compliance with this article or the Standard Plans. Breakaway assemblies shall not be required for U-channel or wood posts.
  
'''Standard.'''  Signposts, foundations, and mountings shall be so constructed as to hold signs in a proper and permanent position, and to resist swaying in the wind or displacement by vandalism.
+
Sign trusses and other large sign support structures that are not breakaway shall be shielded.
  
Plastic/nylon washers shall be used between the heads of all twist fasteners (such as screws, bolts or nuts) and the sign sheeting to protect the sheeting from the twisting action of the bolt heads.  Plastic/nylon washers are available through the Sign Production Center at no charge to the district.  
+
'''Support.'''  Breakaway assemblies for PSST posts are totaled on [http://epg.modot.org/forms/DE%202017%20Forms/DELiaison/D-29.pdf Form D-29]. All assemblies are paid for with the same bid item. Breakaway assemblies on Pipe and WF posts are integral with the post design and are incidental to the cost of the post.
  
'''Support.''' The latest edition of AASHTO’s Specifications for Structural Supports for Highway Signs, Luminaires, and Traffic Signals contains additional information regarding posts and mounting (see [[903.19 Highway Signing General Information#903.19.11 Relation to Other Publications (MUTCD Section 1A.11)|903.19.11.2]] for AASHTO’s address).
+
'''Guidance.''' The Signpost Selection Guide should be used to determine a breakaway assembly, the correct size and number of posts for installing signs.
  
'''Option.'''  Where engineering judgment indicates a need to draw attention to the sign during nighttime conditions, a strip of retroreflective material may be used on regulatory and warning sign supports.
+
'''Option.'''  For perforated square steel tube posts, a breakaway design may or may not be required depending on the configuration of the posts.  The [[Media:903.2a Signpost Selection Guide 2014.xls|Signpost Selection Guide]] should be referenced to make an appropriate determination.
 +
Damaged breakaway signposts may be made into signpost stubs. This can be accomplished by cutting the post to the proper stub length, inverting it and using it as a stub in lieu of purchasing new stubs.
  
'''Standard.'''  If a strip of retroreflective material is used on the sign support, it shall be at least 2 in. in width, it shall be placed for the full length of the support from the sign to within 2 ft. above the edge of the roadway, and its color shall match the background color of the sign, except that the color of the strip for the YIELD and DO NOT ENTER signs shall be red.
+
==903.3.13 Orientation (MUTCD Section 2A.20)==
  
==903.2.15 Ordering Signs (MUTCD Section 2A.21a)==
+
'''Support.'''  The brightness of the sign may drop 24 percent when the normal lateral offset from edge of travelway is increased to 30 feet. The legibility remains at an 80 percent level or higher when using the standard 6 ft. lateral offset.  The skew angle shown on the standard plans is valid for signs on tangent sections of road regardless of lateral offset distance.  The skew angle may be adjusted to maintain brightness and avoid glare for signs on curved sections of road.  The plans indicate which signs require a skew angle other than that shown in the standard plans.
  
'''Support.'''  Standard signs are those signs, which are described in the sign manual.  They have been defined for size and message and given a specific sign number.  Standard signs are typically made of a single piece of flat aluminum.  Examples of standard signs are STOP signs, YIELD signs, SPEED LIMIT signs and alignment signs.
+
'''Guidance.'''  Unless otherwise provided in the EPG, signs should be vertically mounted at right angles to the direction of, and facing, the traffic that they are intended to serve.
  
Structural signs are those signs that are constructed using extruded aluminum panels. These signs are typically erected on steel breakaway posts or on overhead trussesStructural signs are typically found on the interstate, freeway and expressway systems.  Typical structural signs are EXIT signs (E5-1) and the EXIT DIRECTION signs (E4-1) found on freeways.
+
Where mirror reflection from the sign face is encountered to such a degree as to reduce legibility, the sign should be turned slightly away from the road.  Signs that are placed 30 ft. or more from the pavement edge should be turned toward the roadOn curved alignments, the angle of placement should be determined by the direction of approaching traffic rather than by the roadway edge at the point where the sign is located.
  
Roll-up signs are signs that are made on a flexible, reflective materialThey are primarily used for short-term traffic control signs for maintenance operations.
+
'''Option.'''  The standard skew angle is 93 degrees.  However, skew angle may be adjusted to maintain brightness and avoid glare for signs on curved sections of roadOn grades, sign faces may be tilted forward or back from vertical position to improve the viewing angle.
  
Signs not listed in this article are considered special signs.  See Figure 903.2.15 for Special Sign Requisitioning Process flowchart.
+
==903.3.14 Sign Identification Labels==
  
When ordering signs, there are several optional features availableThese features are primarily related to vandalism control and are the following:
+
'''Standard.'''  Every MoDOT sign, regardless of the type or style, shall have two Identification Labels on the sign. The first label is placed on the front of the sign and identifies the sign as belonging to MoDOT and defines the penalty for tampering with the signThe second label is placed on the back of the sign and identifies who fabricated the sign, their contact information and the date the sign was manufactured for warranty purposes. 
  
Protective Film: It is our intent to provide a system that will allow for the cleaning and removal of graffiti, dust and pollution from the sign surfaceA protective overlay film is durable, solvent resistant and completely transparent.  At this time, the cost to apply this film to all signs is prohibitive.  If the district has certain locations that require sign replacement due to paint or graffiti, this film will allow the sign to be cleaned instead of replaced. Contact the SPC for information on the cost and benefits of the protective film.  
+
'''Support.''' Identification Label design and placement details are shown on Standard Plan 903.02.
  
Plastic Signs: In areas where there is a problem with theft of aluminum signs, it is possible to make standard ground mount signs on a plastic blank.
+
==903.3.15 Post and Mountings (MUTCD Section 2A.21)==
  
'''Standard.'''  A requisition shall be submitted when ordering signs.  General Services form E-82 shall be completed with the quantity, sign number, size and description indicated for each sign ordered.  If the sign is needed on a rush or priority basis, this should be clearly indicated on the requisition.
+
'''Standard.'''  Signposts, foundations, and mountings shall be so constructed as to hold signs in a proper and permanent position, and to resist swaying in the wind or displacement by vandalism.
  
An electronic requisition for structural signs shall be accompanied with detailed drawings of the required signs each on a separate page.  Information for these signs shall include sign legend and roadway type.  It shall also include on the requisition whether the signs are shoulder-mounted or overhead-mounted signs.  If the signs have any pre-existing size restrictions, this shall also be noted on the requisition. If the district requires knowledge of the exact size of signs prior to fabrication, this shall be noted on the requisition.  
+
Plastic/nylon washers shall be used between the heads of all twist fasteners (such as screws, bolts or nuts) and the sign sheeting to protect the sheeting from the twisting action of the bolt heads.  Plastic/nylon washers are available through the Sign Production Center for districts.  
  
Figure 903.2.15. Special Signs
+
'''Support.'''  The latest edition of AASHTO’s Specifications for Structural Supports for Highway Signs, Luminaires, and Traffic Signals contains additional information regarding posts and mounting.
  
Traffic shall approve all requisitions for special signs before fabricationSpecial signs shall be on a separate requisition from in order to reduce delay in shipping, other sign types while the special sign is being reviewed.  If a special sign is required, a description of the sign including color information, the sign's proposed location, and the reason for its use should be forwarded to Traffic for approval.
+
'''Option.''' Where engineering judgment indicates a need to draw attention to the sign during nighttime conditions, a strip of retroreflective material may be used on regulatory and warning sign supports.
  
At the time of manufacturing, a detailed drawing of these special signs shall be forwarded to the district.  The SPC will produce annually a listing of approved special sign numbers and legends.
+
'''Standard.'''  If a strip of retroreflective material is used on the sign support, it shall be at least 2 in. wide, it shall be placed for the full length of the support from the sign to within 2 ft. above the edge of the roadway, and its color shall match the background color of the sign, except that the color of the strip for the YIELD and DO NOT ENTER signs shall be red.
  
'''Guidance.'''  If the structural sign is a replacement for an existing sign, dimensions of the existing sign should be provided if possible.  After fabrication a detailed drawing of the sign should be forwarded to the district sign shop that should be retained for future reference.
+
==903.3.16 Ordering Signs==
  
General Services orders roll up signs on a yearly basisA requisition is to be submitted by the district.
+
'''Standard.'''  All signs installed and maintained on state routes by MoDOT staff are acquired utilizing the department’s 3<sup>rd</sup> party sign fabrication contract.  When a sign need is determined, sign requests shall be submitted utilizing the vendor ordering component of SMS.  The vendor order component of SMS interfaces with Sam II to create a State Purchase Order, which shall then be submitted to TS for processingTS reviews all purchase orders to identify errors and to identify sign orders which require sign details to be created before being sent to the vendor.  Normal sign orders are submitted to the vendor each Wednesday and the vendor has 21 calendar days to deliver these signs to the districts.
  
If either of the two vandalism control features is needed on a sign it should be clearly indicated on the sign requisition.
+
'''Options.'''  If faster deliveries are required, there are provisions for 14- and 7-day delivery options. These special orders can be submitted any day of the week.  The vendor contract also has a provision for a 36-hour emergency order which may also be submitted any day of the week. However, this special delivery option does have limitations.
  
The SPC will ship the sign order to the district, and upon receipt of a sign order, the district should inspect the signs for damage and to verify the quantities, types and legends of the signsIf problems with the order are found, the district should notify the SPC of the problems.
+
'''Standard.'''  The 36-hour delivery option shall only be utilized for emergency needs, including, but not limited to emergency road and bridge closures or emergency bridge weight limit changesDue to delivery issues related to this short turnaround time, this delivery option shall not be utilized to fill orders for non-emergency needs.
  
'''Option.'''  The special sign request may include a sketch of the proposed sign and/or a picture of the problem location.  A plan for evaluating the effectiveness of the special sign may be requested by Traffic.
+
==903.3.17 Ordering Posts==
  
==903.2.16 Signing Paid for by Others (MUTCD Section 2A.21b)==
+
'''Support.''' Table 903.3.17 contains information on posts.
  
'''Support.'''  Under various policies, including Traffic Generator Signing, Custom City Limit Signing and College Signing, standard signs may be installed at the cost of the requesting party. See Figure 903.2.16.1 for flowcharts outlining the process for a new sign request and signing already in place.
+
When ordering pipe posts and stubs, note the size is the inside diameter. When ordering clamps and caps the size is the outside diameter.
  
'''Standard.'''  Once the exact legend, quantity and location of the necessary signing is known, Traffic shall prepare an estimate for the cost of installation.
+
Each district is to maintain a supply of signposts, based on average annual usage, for each type of post.
  
If the requesting party agrees to the cost estimate, a TR-15 contract shall be executed between the district engineer and requesting party.  Upon execution of the TR-15 contract, the requesting party shall remit the full amount to the district.  All funds shall be made payable to “Director of Revenue – Credit Road Fund”.  If applicant requires a MoDOT invoice for payment, the district shall contact the Controller’s Office at the Central Office for assistance and use the Interagency Invoice Request form (See Figure 903.2.16.2 for this form).
+
<center>
 +
===Table 903.3.17 Posts===
  
Upon receipt of the funds, the signs shall be ordered and scheduled for installation. The district traffic office shall forward the funds to the district Business and Benefits personnel, along with the proper coding to ensure proper reimbursement to the district traffic budget.
+
{| border="1" class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto"
 +
|+
 +
! style="background:#BEBEBE"|Post Type !! style="background:#BEBEBE"|Commodity Code  !! style="background:#BEBEBE"|Description
 +
|-
 +
|align="center" rowspan="16"|'''U-Channel'''||8013047500|| POST, MEDIUM CHANNEL, #2, 6'
 +
|-
 +
|width=80|8013047505|| POST, MEDIUM CHANNEL, #2, 6'6"
 +
|-
 +
|8013047510|| POST, MEDIUM CHANNEL, #2, 8'
 +
|-
 +
|8013047515|| POST, MEDIUM CHANNEL, #2, 9'
 +
|-
 +
|8013047520|| POST, MEDIUM CHANNEL, #2, 10'
 +
|-
 +
|8013047525|| POST, MEDIUM CHANNEL, #2, 12'
 +
|-
 +
|8013047527|| POST, MEDIUM CHANNEL, #2, 14'
 +
|-
 +
|8013047528|| POST, MEDIUM CHANNEL, #2, 15'
 +
|-
 +
|8013047529|| POST, MEDIUM CHANNEL, #2, 16'
 +
|-
 +
|8013047530|| POST, HEAVY CHANNEL, #3, 6'
 +
|-
 +
|8013047535|| POST, HEAVY CHANNEL, #3, 9'
 +
|-
 +
|8013047540|| POST, HEAVY CHANNEL, #3, 10'
 +
|-
 +
|8013047545|| POST, HEAVY CHANNEL, #3, 12'
 +
|-
 +
|8013047550|| POST, HEAVY CHANNEL, #3, 14'
 +
|-
 +
|8013055700|| POST, SIGN, STEEL, R/W POST, 6 FT. 1 LB, STEEL CHANNEL
 +
|-
 +
|8013055720|| POST, SIGN, STEEL, DELINEATOR POST, 7FT. STEEL CHANNEL
 +
|-
 +
|align="center" rowspan="22"|'''Pipe'''|| 8013047137 ||POST, SIGN, PIPE, 2-1/2 IN (I.D.) X 10 FT.
 +
|-
 +
|8013047139|| POST, SIGN, PIPE, 2-1/2 IN (I.D.) X 12 FT
 +
|-
 +
|8013047141|| POST, SIGN, PIPE, 2-1/2 IN (I.D.) X 14 FT.
 +
|-
 +
|8013047143|| POST, SIGN, PIPE, 2-1/2 IN (I.D.) X 16 FT.
 +
|-
 +
|8013047145|| POST, SIGN, PIPE, 2-1/2 IN (I.D.) X 18 FT.
 +
|-
 +
|8013047147|| POST, SIGN, PIPE, 2-1/2 IN (I.D.) X 20 FT.
 +
|-
 +
|8013047171|| POST, SIGN, PIPE, 3 IN (I.D.) X 10 FT.
 +
|-
 +
|8013047172|| POST, SIGN, PIPE, 3 IN (I.D.) X 12 FT.
 +
|-
 +
|8013047174|| POST, SIGN, PIPE, 3 IN (I.D.) X 14 FT.
 +
|-
 +
|8013047176|| POST, SIGN, PIPE, 3 IN (I.D.) X 16 FT.
 +
|-
 +
|8013047178|| POST, SIGN, PIPE, 3 IN (I.D.) X 18 FT
 +
|-
 +
|8013047180|| POST, SIGN, PIPE, 3 IN (I.D.) X 20 FT.
 +
|-
 +
|8013047212|| POST, SIGN, PIPE, 4 IN (I.D.) X 12 FT.
 +
|-
 +
|8013047214||POST, SIGN, PIPE, 4 IN (I.D.) X 14 FT.
 +
|-
 +
|8013047216|| POST, SIGN, PIPE, 4 IN (I.D.) X 16 FT.
 +
|-
 +
|8013047218|| POST, SIGN, PIPE, 4 IN (I.D.) X 18 FT.
 +
|-
 +
|8013047220|| POST, SIGN, PIPE, 4 IN (I.D.) X 20 FT.
 +
|-
 +
|8013023252|| STUB, SIGN, PIPE, 2-1/2 IN (I.D.) X 4 FT - 3-1/2 IN
 +
|-
 +
|8013023254|| STUB, SIGN, PIPE, 3 IN (I.D.) X 4 FT - 3-1/2 IN
 +
|-
 +
|8013023258|| STUB, SIGN, PIPE, 4 IN (I.D.) X 5 FT - 3-1/2 IN
 +
|-
 +
|8010120294|| BREAKAWAY HARDWARE, SIGN, PIPE, 2-1/2 IN (I.D.) & 3 IN (I.D.)
 +
|-
 +
|8010120296|| BREAKAWAY HARDWARE, SIGN, PIPE, 4 IN (I.D.)
 +
|-
 +
|align="center" rowspan="51"|'''Structural/Wide Flange (WF)'''||8013047412|| POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #1, W6 X 9 - 12' 0
 +
|-
 +
|8013047414|| POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #1, W6 X 9 - 14' 0
 +
|-
 +
|8013047416|| POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #1, W6 X 9 - 15' 0
 +
|-
 +
|8013047418|| POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #1, W6 X 9 - 16' 0
 +
|-
 +
|8013047420|| POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #1, W6 X 9 - 18' 0
 +
|-
 +
|8013047422|| POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #1, W6 X 9 - 20' 0
 +
|-
 +
|8013047424|| POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #1, W6 X 9 - 30' 0
 +
|-
 +
|8013047884|| POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #2, W6 X 15 - 14' 0
 +
|-
 +
|8013047886|| POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #2, W6 X 15 - 15' 0
 +
|-
 +
|8013047888|| POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #2, W6 X 15 - 16' 0
 +
|-
 +
|8013047890|| POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #2, W6 X 15 - 17' 0
 +
|-
 +
|8013047906|| POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #2, W6 X 15 - 18' 0
 +
|-
 +
|8013047908|| POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #2, W6 X 15 - 20' 0
 +
|-
 +
|8013047439|| POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #2, W6 X 15 - 30' 0
 +
|-
 +
|8013047909|| POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #3, W8 X 18 - 18' 0
 +
|-
 +
|8013047910|| POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #3, W8 X 18 - 20' 0
 +
|-
 +
|8013047911|| POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #3, W8 X 18 - 22' 0
 +
|-
 +
|8013047934|| POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #3, W8 X 18 - 24' 0
 +
|-
 +
|8013047936|| POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #3, W8 X 18 - 26' 0
 +
|-
 +
|8013047940|| POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #3, W8 X 18 - 30' 0
 +
|-
 +
|8013047912|| POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #4, W10 X 22 - 28' 0
 +
|-
 +
|8013047923|| POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #4, W10 X 22 - 18' 0
 +
|-
 +
|8013047924|| POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #4, W10 X 22 - 20' 0
 +
|-
 +
|8013047925|| POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #4, W10 X 22 - 22' 0
 +
|-
 +
|8013047926|| POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #4, W10 X 22 - 26' 0
 +
|-
 +
|8013047927|| POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #4, W10 X 22 - 24' 0
 +
|-
 +
|8013047929|| POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #4, W10 X 22 - 30' 0
 +
|-
 +
|8013047913|| POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #5, W10 X 26 - 25' 0
 +
|-
 +
|8013047914||POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #5, W10 X 26 - 40' 0
 +
|-
 +
|8013047915|| POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #5, W10 X 26 - 30' 0
 +
|-
 +
|8010120255|| POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #6, W12 X 35 - 40' 0
 +
|-
 +
|8013023388||STUB, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #1, W6 X 9 - 3' 0
 +
|-
 +
|8013023396|| STUB, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #2, W6 X 15 - 4' 0
 +
|-
 +
|8013023416|| STUB, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #3, W8 X 18 - 4' 6
 +
|-
 +
|8013023426||STUB, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #4, W10 X 22 - 5' 0
 +
|-
 +
|8013023436||STUB, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #5, W10 X 26 - 5' 0
 +
|-
 +
|8010120250|| STUB, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #6, W12 X 35 - 5' 6
 +
|-
 +
|8010120260|| FUSE PLATE, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #1
 +
|-
 +
|8010120262|| FUSE PLATE, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #2
 +
|-
 +
|8010120264|| FUSE PLATE, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #3
 +
|-
 +
|8010120266|| FUSE PLATE, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #4
 +
|-
 +
|8010120268|| FUSE PLATE, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #5
 +
|-
 +
|8010120270|| FUSE PLATE, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #6
 +
|-
 +
|8010120275|| SPLICE PLATE, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #1
 +
|-
 +
|8010120277|| SPLICE PLATE, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #2
 +
|-
 +
|8010120279|| SPLICE PLATE, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #3
 +
|-
 +
|8010120281|| SPLICE PLATE, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #4
 +
|-
 +
|8010120283|| SPLICE PLATE, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #5
 +
|-
 +
|8010120285|| SPLICE PLATE, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #6
 +
|-
 +
|8010120290|| BREAKAWAY HARDWARE, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #1, #2, #3
 +
|-
 +
|8010120292|| BREAKAWAY HARDWARE, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #4, #5, #6
 +
|-
 +
|align="center" rowspan="22"|'''PSST'''||8013047570|| POST, SQUARE, PERFORATED, 2"X10'
 +
|-
 +
|8013047620|| POST, SQUARE, PERFORATED, 2" X 12'
 +
|-
 +
|8013047670|| POST, SQUARE, PERFORATED, 2" X 14'
 +
|-
 +
|8013047672|| POST, SQUARE, PERFORATED, 2" X 16'
 +
|-
 +
|8013047575|| POST, SQUARE, PERFORATED, 2.5"X10'
 +
|-
 +
|8013047625|| POST, SQUARE, PERFORATED, 2.5" X 12'
 +
|-
 +
|8013047675|| POST, SQUARE, PERFORATED, 2.5" X 14'
 +
|-
 +
|8013047679|| POST, SQUARE, PERFORATED, 2.5" X 16'
 +
|-
 +
|8010120305|| POST, DOUBLER, SQUARE, PERFORATED, 2.25” X 6’, 12 GAUGE
 +
|-
 +
|8013047685|| SPLICE, SQUARE, PERFORATED, 1.75"X1'
 +
|-
 +
|8013023206|| ANCHOR, SQUARE, PERFORATED, 2.25"X 3', 12 GAUGE
 +
|-
 +
|8013023208|| ANCHOR, SQUARE, PERFORATED, OMNI DIRECTIONAL, 2.25" X 3', 12 GAUGE
 +
|-
 +
|8013023214|| ANCHOR, HEAVY DUTY, 2.5" x 3', 7 GAUGE
 +
|-
 +
|8013023210|| ANCHOR, HEAVY DUTY, OMNI DIRECTINAL 2.5" x 3', 7 GAUGE
 +
|-
 +
|8010120300|| ANCHOR, HEAVY DUTY, 2.5" x 4', 7 GAUGE
 +
|-
 +
|8013059083|| BOLT, ANCHOR, CORNER 5/16" X 2" ZINC GALVANIZED, GRADE 2 W/NUT MEDIUM
 +
|-
 +
|8013047689|| SPLICE, SQUARE, PERFORATED, 2.25"X 1', 12 GAUGE
 +
|-
 +
|8013023230|| ANCHOR, HEAVY DUTY, 3" X 3', 7 GAUGE
 +
|-
 +
|8010120302|| ANCHOR, HEAVY DUTY, 3" X 4', 7 GAUGE
 +
|-
 +
|8013023211|| ANCHOR, HEAVY DUTY, OMNI DIRECTIONAL, 3" X 3', 7 GAUGE
 +
|-
 +
|8013059085|| BOLT, ANCHOR, CORNER 5/16" X 2 .5" ZINC GALVANIZED, GRADE 2 W/NUT LARGE
 +
|-
 +
|8013059100|| BOLT, ANCHOR, SHOULDER 3/8" X 3.5" ZINC GALVANIZED, GRADE 2 W/NUT (USED FOR ALL HEAVY-DUTY ANCHORS)
 +
|}
 +
</center>
  
[[image:Figure 903.2.16.1.gif|center|frame|thumb|'''Figure 903.2.16.1. Signing Paid For By Others (Sheet 1 of 2)''']]
+
==903.3.18 Post Storage==
  
Figure 903.2.16.2. Signing Paid For By Others (Sheet 2 of 2)
+
'''Standard.''' Wood posts shall not be painted.  
  
[[image:Figure 903.2.16.2.gif|center|frame|thumb|'''Figure 903.2.16.2. Interagency Invoice Request Form''']]
+
'''Guidance.''' Wood posts should be stacked properly to prevent warping, including bands remaining on the posts until they should be used. Steel posts should be stored so that they do not lie on the ground. Steel posts, if galvanizing becomes chipped or otherwise damaged, are not to be painted with a liquid galvanizing paint.
  
==903.2.17 Contract Signing Field Checks (MUTCD Section 2A.21c)==
+
==903.3.19 Project Contract Signing Field Checks==
  
'''Support.'''  It is suggested that district traffic personnel, in conjunction with construction and/or design personnel, conduct field checks of contract signing as soon as the roadway has been roughed-in to the extent that the actual visibility and effectiveness of each sign can be determined.
+
'''Support.'''  It is suggested that district traffic personnel, in conjunction with construction and/or design personnel, conduct field checks of project contract signing as soon as the roadway has been roughed-in to the extent that the actual visibility and effectiveness of each sign can be determined.
  
==903.2.18 Maintenance (MUTCD Section 2A.22)==
+
==903.3.20 Maintenance (MUTCD Section 2A.22)==
 
[[image:903.2.18 Maintenance.jpg|right|250px]]
 
[[image:903.2.18 Maintenance.jpg|right|250px]]
 
'''Support.'''  The storing methods are in place to prevent damage to the sign sheeting.  Storing signs wet or horizontally will damage the retroreflective elements of the sheeting.  MoDOT has a warranty for the sign sheeting, but improper storage will void the warranty.  
 
'''Support.'''  The storing methods are in place to prevent damage to the sign sheeting.  Storing signs wet or horizontally will damage the retroreflective elements of the sheeting.  MoDOT has a warranty for the sign sheeting, but improper storage will void the warranty.  
  
'''Standard.'''  Should packaged signs become wet, they shall be unpacked immediately and allowed to dry.  Signs shall always be stored indoors on edge.  New signs shall be stored in a cool, dry area to prevent moisture damage.
+
'''Standard.'''  If packaged signs become wet, they shall be unpacked immediately and allowed to dry.  Signs shall always be stored indoors on edge.  New signs shall be stored in a cool, dry area to prevent moisture damage.
  
 
'''Guidance.'''  All traffic signs should be kept properly positioned, clean, and legible, and should have adequate retroreflectivity.  Damaged or deteriorated signs should be replaced.
 
'''Guidance.'''  All traffic signs should be kept properly positioned, clean, and legible, and should have adequate retroreflectivity.  Damaged or deteriorated signs should be replaced.
Line 231: Line 522:
 
Weeds, trees, shrubbery, and construction, maintenance and utility materials and equipment should not obscure the face of any sign.
 
Weeds, trees, shrubbery, and construction, maintenance and utility materials and equipment should not obscure the face of any sign.
  
A regular schedule of replacement of lighting elements for illuminated signs should be maintained.
 
 
 
{| style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto"
 
{| style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto"
 
|-
 
|-
Line 239: Line 528:
 
|}
 
|}
  
==903.2.19 Sign Inspection and Inventory (MUTCD Section 2A.22a)==
+
==903.3.21 Sign Inspection and Inventory==
  
 
'''Standard.'''  A sign maintenance program shall be established for all routes within our systems.  All signs on all routes shall be inspected once a year as follows:  
 
'''Standard.'''  A sign maintenance program shall be established for all routes within our systems.  All signs on all routes shall be inspected once a year as follows:  
Line 247: Line 536:
 
B. Odd numbered years a night inspection shall be performed.
 
B. Odd numbered years a night inspection shall be performed.
  
District database information containing sign logs for interstate, primary and supplementary systems shall be submitted to Maintenance office by July 1 of each year.  It is the intention for this Division office to retain only the current year's sign logs.  Each district shall retain copies of previous sign logs.  The sign logs sent to the Traffic Division as required by the due date list shall be copies of each district's sign logs with the district retaining the master and a backup.
+
District database information containing sign logs for interstate, primary and supplementary systems shall be submitted to Maintenance office by July 1 of each year.  It is the intention for this Division office to retain only the current year's sign logs.  Each district shall retain copies of previous sign logs.  The sign logs sent to the Highway Safety and Traffic Division as required by the due date list shall be copies of each district's sign logs with the district retaining the master and a backup.
  
 
'''Guidance.'''  Appropriate district personnel should perform the inspection of the interstate and primary systems.  The sign inventory process is typically:
 
'''Guidance.'''  Appropriate district personnel should perform the inspection of the interstate and primary systems.  The sign inventory process is typically:
Line 287: Line 576:
 
:3. When the route is a business or spur route, no designation will be necessary.  
 
:3. When the route is a business or spur route, no designation will be necessary.  
  
F.  Signs within an assembly should be numbered from top to bottom and the columns will be lettered from left to right with the first column having no letter, the second column having letter "A" and so on. (See Figure 903.2.21 Standard Assembly Numbering for Route Marker Assemblies)
+
F.  Signs within an assembly should be numbered from top to bottom and the columns will be lettered from left to right with the first column having no letter, the second column having letter "A" and so on. (See Fig. 903.3.21 Standard Numbering for Route Marker Assemblies)
 +
 
 +
[[image:Figure 903.2.22.gif|frame|center|thumb|'''Fig. 903.3.21, Standard Numbering for Route Marker Assemblies''']]
  
 
G.  The log mile used to record the location of a sign should be the same as the log mile system established for accident data.  
 
G.  The log mile used to record the location of a sign should be the same as the log mile system established for accident data.  
Line 299: Line 590:
 
The route designations used during the log process allow the records to be sorted by route without sorting out additional routes.  For example, when sorting Route 3 without the designation prior to the number, one would also access Routes 35, 350 etc.
 
The route designations used during the log process allow the records to be sorted by route without sorting out additional routes.  For example, when sorting Route 3 without the designation prior to the number, one would also access Routes 35, 350 etc.
  
Examples of the lettered prefixes for route designations would be as follows:
+
Examples of the lettered prefixes for route designations are shown in Table 903.3.21.
 +
 
 +
<center>
 +
===Table 903.3.21 Route Designations===
  
 
{| border="1" class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto"
 
{| border="1" class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto"
 
|+  
 
|+  
! style="background:#BEBEBE"|Type !! style="background:#BEBEBE"|Route
+
! style="background:#BEBEBE"|Word Message !! style="background:#BEBEBE"|Standard Abbreviation
 +
|-
 +
| Interstate||align="center"| IS
 +
|-
 +
|US Numbered Route||align="center"| US
 +
|-
 +
|Missouri Numbered Route||align="center"| MO
 +
|-
 +
|Alternate Route||align="center"| AL
 +
|-
 +
|Missouri Letter Route||align="center"| RT
 +
|-
 +
|Business Loop (Interstate Only)||align="center"| LP
 +
|-
 +
|Business Route||align="center"| BU
 +
|-
 +
|Spur Route||align="center"| SP
 +
|-
 +
|Reversible Route||align="center"| RV
 +
|-
 +
|Outer Road||align="center"| OR
 +
|-
 +
|City Street||align="center"| CST
 +
|-
 +
|County Road|| align="center"|CRD
 +
|-
 +
|Ramp||align="center"| RP
 +
|-
 +
|Connector for Wye Leg||align="center"| CO
 +
|-
 +
|Rest Area ||align="center"|RA
 +
|-
 +
|Weight Station ||align="center"|WS
 +
|-
 +
|National Forest Service||align="center"| NFS
 +
|-
 +
|National Park Service||align="center"| NPS
 +
|-
 +
|Fish Wildlife Service||align="center"| FWS
 +
|-
 +
|Corp of Engineers||align="center"| COE
 
|-
 
|-
| align="center"|IS|| align="center"|435
+
|Department of Defense||align="center"| DOD
 
|-
 
|-
| align="center"|US|| align="center"|40
+
|Alley||align="center"| ALY
 
|-
 
|-
| align="center"|MO|| align="center"|15
+
|Private Road||align="center"| PVT
 
|-
 
|-
| align="center"|RT|| align="center"| AA
+
|Railroad||align="center"| RR
|}
 
 
 
When the route is a business or spur route, no designation will be necessary. The nomenclature would be as follows:
 
 
{| border="1" class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto"
 
|+
 
! style="background:#BEBEBE"|Type !! style="background:#BEBEBE"|Route
 
 
|-
 
|-
| align="center"|BU|| align="center"|60
+
|Pedestrian Path||align="center"| PED
 
|-
 
|-
| align="center"|SP|| align="center"|5
+
|Park Trail||align="center"| PK
 
|}
 
|}
 +
</center>
 +
When the route is a business or spur route, no designation will be necessary. The nomenclature is provided in Table 903.3.21.
  
==903.2.20 Salvaged Signs (MUTCD Section 2A.22b)==
+
==903.3.22 Salvaged Signs==
  
'''Standard.'''  All damaged aluminum signs, except for those that are severely mangled or bent, should be kept for reclamationAll aluminum signs that are reclaimable shall be delivered to Moberly Correctional Facility at Moberly, Missouri.
+
'''History.''' During the operations of MoDOT’s Sign Production Center (SPC), old signs were shipped to the Moberly Correctional Center where they were sorted and stored until the SPC submitted a request. Once the request was received, the prison would clean and straighten the appropriate sign blanks from the reclaimed inventory and ship to the SPC for production. At the peak, 75% of the sign the SPC produced were on these reclaimed sign blanksWhen sign production was first outsourced, the use of reclaimed sign blanks was investigated; however, the shipping cost to the prison and then to the vendor was cost prohibitive, making the use of reclaimed sign blanks more expensive than the use of new aluminum.  As a result, old signs are now sold for scrap at the end of their service life.
  
All steel signs shall be kept at the district and sold as scrap by the districtBefore a steel sign is sold for scrap the sign face shall be defaced so that the sign can no longer be used.
+
'''Support.'''  All signs, including those that have reached the end of their service life or signs in warehouses which have become obsolete, are state property and must be disposed of as scrap. MoDOT’s policy not to transfer ownership of its signs, other than selling as scrap, makes prosecution for sign theft easy as anyone who is in the possession of one of these signs could not have legally acquired itMoDOT does not transfer ownership of its signs, in any condition, to local jurisdictions for liability reasons.
  
'''Guidance.'''  Signs should be delivered on normal workdays between the hours of 8:00 a.m. and 2:30 p.mOne day's notice of delivery should be given by calling the institution's clerk at (660) 263-3778, Ext. 442.
+
'''Standard.'''  All signs MoDOT no longer has a use for shall be disposed of by selling them as scrapThese signs are identified as the property of MoDOT using an ID label on the face of the sign.  
  
'''Support.''' All signs are the property of the Commission with the exception of TODS and signs installed by othersProper procedures need to be followed for disposing and defacing of old, faded or damaged signsWe are not allowed to sell signs.
+
Old signs shall be sold utilizing MoDOT accepted sale practicesWhen an eligible bidder is identified and awarded the bid for these materials the GS23 Bill of Sale – Traffic Control Devices shall be executed before material ownership is transferredThis bill of sale has a legal statement included which specifies any traffic control device purchased can only be utilized as scrap and not used or resold as a functional traffic control device.   
  
The Moberly Correctional Facility does not require signs to be banded or on pallets.
+
'''Option.'''  Old signs can be sold in large lots sold using individual bids or by utilizing an annual contract where material pickup is achieved on an "on call basis" when a sufficient quantity of signs have been compiled.
  
There are several available options of hauling these reclaimable signs to the Moberly facilityOne option is to use district resources to haul these signsAnother option is to use the current contract carrier who is hauling signs to your location from the sign shop; or if General Services is hauling to your location you may use them.
+
'''Standard.''' If an annual contract for an "on call" pickup is used, the price per pound for aluminum shall be based on the price index for aluminum for the day the material is receivedThe use of this price indexing shall be included in the contract language.
  
The last two options of delivery systems will have certain restrictions for hauling of this product. Contact the service provider to ensure that you meet the requirements.
+
==903.3.23 Response to Emergencies==
  
==903.2.21 Response to Emergencies (MUTCD Section 2A.22c)==
+
'''Support.'''  Risk Management has established guidelines concerning the response to replacing signs that have been knocked down or otherwise lost, see Table 903.3.23.   
 
 
'''Support.'''  Risk Management has established guidelines concerning the response to replacing signs that have been knocked down or otherwise lost, see Table 903.2.22.   
 
  
 
'''Guidance.'''  The Risk Management Manual should be consulted for the proper procedures to follow.
 
'''Guidance.'''  The Risk Management Manual should be consulted for the proper procedures to follow.
  
==903.2.22 Median Opening Treatments for Divided Highways with Wide Medians (MUTCD Section 2A.23)==
+
'''Support.''' Priority ranking are defined as follows:
  
'''Guidance.''' Where divided highways are separated by median widths at the median opening itself of 30 ft. or more, median openings should be signed as two separate intersections.
+
:'''Priority 1''' – Urgent, respond as soon as possible (day or night, weekends or holidays) suspending other lower priority work if necessary. May represent immediate hazard to the public.
  
[[image:Figure 903.2.22.gif|frame|center|thumb|'''Figure 903.2.22. Standard Numbering for Route Marker Assemblies''']]
+
:'''Priority 2''' – Repair should be accomplished as soon as practical during normal working hours, but only after Priority 1 repairs are completed.
  
 +
:'''Priority 3''' – Repair should be accomplished with higher urgency than routine maintenance.
  
====<center>''Table 903.2.22 Incident Response Plan - Signing''</center>====
+
:'''Priority 4''' – Not urgent, normally considered routine maintenance.
 +
<center>
 +
===Table 903.3.23 Incident Response Signing Plan===
  
{| border="1" class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto"
+
{| border="1" class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto" style="text-align:center"
 
|+  
 
|+  
!  !! style="background:#BEBEBE"|PRIORITY 1 !! style="background:#BEBEBE"|PRIORITY 2 !! style="background:#BEBEBE"|PRIORITY 3 !! style="background:#BEBEBE"|PRIORITY 4
+
! style="background:#BEBEBE" rowspan="2"|Signs !! style="background:#BEBEBE" colspan="4"|Priority
 
|-
 
|-
! style="background:#BEBEBE"|PRIORITIES ARE GUIDELINES AND MAY BE UPGRADED IF PRIMARY CONTACT DEEMS NECESSARY !!Urgent. Respond as soon as possible (day or night, weekends, or holidays) suspending other lower priority work if necessary. May represent immediate hazard to the public.!!Repair should be accomplished as soon as practical during normal working hours, but only after Priority 1 repairs are completed.!!Repair should be accomplished with higher urgency than routine maintenance.!!Not urgent. Normally considered routine maintenance.
+
! style="background:#BEBEBE"|1!!style="background:#BEBEBE" width=130|2!!style="background:#BEBEBE" width=130|3!!style="background:#BEBEBE" width=130|4
 
|-
 
|-
| LANE CLOSURE NOTIFICATION/ APPROVAL REQUIRED ** || NO || NO ||YES||YES
+
|Barricades (permanent)|| - || X|| - || -
 
|-
 
|-
!style="background:#BEBEBE"|SIGNING!! - !!- !!-  !! -  
+
|Delineators || - || - || - ||X
 
|-
 
|-
|BARRICADES (Permanent)
+
|Freeway/Expressway<sup>1</sup>|| - || X ||- || -
| - || X ||- ||-
 
 
|-
 
|-
|DAMAGED OR MISSING ROADSIDE DELINEATORS
+
|Guide<sup>1</sup>|| - ||- || X || -
| - ||-||- ||X
 
 
|-
 
|-
|EXPRESSWAY/FREEWAY SIGNS *
+
|Information<sup>1</sup>|| - ||- || X || -
| - ||X ||- ||-
 
|-
 
|GUIDE SIGNS *
 
| - ||- ||X||-
 
 
|-
 
|-
|INFORMATION SIGNS *
+
|Regulatory<sup>1</sup>|| Critical (i.e. Stop, Yield, Do Not Enter, Wrong Way, One Way)||All others || - || -
| - ||- ||X ||-
 
 
|-
 
|-
|REGULATORY SIGNS *
+
|Warning<sup>1</sup> || - || X|| - || -
|Critical, i.e.; Stop, Yield, Do Not Enter, Wrong Way, One Way||All Others ||- ||-
 
|-
 
|SCHOOL SIGNS *
 
| - ||- || X ||-
 
 
|-
 
|-
|SIGN LIGHTING MALFUNCTION
+
|School<sup>1</sup>|| - ||X || - || -
| - ||- ||X ||-
 
 
|-
 
|-
|SIGN TRUSS STRUCTURE DAMAGE
+
|Visibility (weeds, trees, etc.)||Involving Regulatory Signs or Signals ||All others|| - || -
|Creating a Traffic Hazard||- ||Not a Traffic Hazard|| -
 
|-
 
|VISIBILITY(Weeds, Trees, etc.)
 
|Involving Regulatory Signs or Signals||All Others||- ||-
 
|-
 
|WARNING SIGNS *
 
| - ||X   ||- || -
 
 
|-
 
|-
| colspan="5"|* Damage that makes the sign ineffective.
+
|Sign Lighting || - ||- || X || -
 
|-
 
|-
| colspan="5"|** NHS Routes and all Other Routes With ADT of 1700 or Greater
+
|Sign Truss Structure Damage||Creating a Traffic Hazard|| - || Not A Traffic Hazard|| -
 +
|-
 +
|Lane Closure Notification/ Approval Required<sup>2</sup>|| No||No||Yes|| Yes
 +
|-
 +
|colspan="5" align="left"|'''Note:''' Priorities are guidelines and may be upgraded if deemed necessary
 +
|-
 +
|colspan="5" align="left"|<sup>'''1'''</sup> Damage that makes the sign ineffective.
 +
|-
 +
|colspan="5" align="left"|<sup>'''2'''</sup> NHS routes and all other routes with AADT of 1,700 or greater.
 
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[[image:903.2.22.jpg|center|820px]]
 
 
 
 
 
  
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==903.3.24 Median Opening Treatments for Divided Highways with Wide Medians (MUTCD Section 2A.23)==
  
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'''Guidance.'''  Where divided highways are separated by median widths at the median opening itself of 30 ft. or more, median openings should be signed as two separate intersections.
  
  
[[Category:903 Highway Signing|903.02]]
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[[Category:903 Highway Signing|903.03]]

Revision as of 11:15, 9 January 2019

903.2 Ground-Mounted Signs.jpg

903.3.1 Post-Mounted Sign Installation

Guidance. Signs should be post-mounted whenever possible unless mounting overhead is justified.

Standard. All post-mounted structural signs and sheet signs shall be mounted on pipe posts, wide flange (WF) fabricated steel posts, u-channel posts, perforated square steel tube posts or wood posts as shown in the standard plans.

Forms
Signpost Selection Guide
Printable Signpost Selection Guide for use in the field

Cross-sections of relocated or new signs shall be drawn and included in the final plans. The cross-sections are drawn to a scale of 1 in. = 5 ft. (1:50) to allow for scaling of quantities. Random grid lines shall be used to draw the cross-section and elevations are not shown. All cross-sections shall be drawn as the driver views the sign face. A note shall be added to the cross-section if the footing depth is greater than the minimum shown in the standard plans.

The following information shall be shown for each sign:

  • Sign number
  • Station
  • Edge of traveled way
  • Edge of shoulder
  • Sign dimensions
  • Guardrail and curb locations
  • Post configuration
  • All non-standard horizontal and vertical clearances
  • Backing bars and post lengths

For multiple post designs, the posts shall be numbered from left to right, and only one post design type per sign shall be used.

Existing signs relocated to new posts and posts being used in place shall be shown with dashed lines.

All signs that are back-to-back shall be noted and the far sign shall be shown with dashed lines.

It is not necessary to outline the footing width and depth since this information is noted in the standard plans.

The post stub length shall be shown below the finished ground line in order to scale the correct post pay length.

Guidance. Utility and light poles should not be used to mount signs as they are either not the property and maintenance responsibly of MoDOT or are not designed to carry the additional wind loading a sign adds to the structure.

Option. In areas with space restrictions, available sign truss columns, signal poles, bridge columns or other significant MoDOT structures, excluding roadway lighting structures, may be used to mount flat sheet aluminum signs.

Support. See Standard Plan 903.03 for recommended footing depths for various post designs and slopes.

903.3.2 Lateral Offset (MUTCD Section 2A.19)

Standard. Post-mounted sign supports shall be crashworthy (breakaway, yielding or shielded with a longitudinal barrier or crash cushion) if within the clear zone.

Guidance. For post-mounted signs, the minimum lateral offset should be 12 ft. from the edge of the travelway. If an existing shoulder is wider than 6 ft., the minimum lateral offset for post-mounted signs should be 6 ft. from the edge of the shoulder or front face of curb.

Where existing signs are located within 6 ft. of a utility pole, they should be relocated to provide a minimum distance of 12 ft. where practical through normal sign replacement.

EXIT signs placed in the gore only require a 2 ft. lateral offset from both edges of shoulder or front face of curbs.

For divisional and channelizing islands, a 2 ft. lateral offset should be maintained between the edge of sign and the front face of curb. For islands with restricted width the sign should not extend beyond the curb. When signing at the nose of a 4 ft. median, a 1 ft. lateral offset is acceptable between the edge of sign and the front face of curb.

Maximum clearances will depend on roadway geometrics, profiles, and cross-sections, which all affect the visibility of the sign. Sheet type and structural type signs are generally to be placed no more than 15 ft. from the edge of shoulder.

New sign installations should be a minimum distance of 12 ft. from existing utility poles.

903.2.1 trucks.jpg

Support. The minimum lateral offset is intended to keep trucks and cars that use the shoulders from striking the signs or supports.

It is acceptable to adjust the standard lateral offset to obtain a better cross-section and still maintain sign effectiveness and visibility. For example, signposts are not placed in the center of ditches; therefore the lateral offset may be adjusted to better span a flat bottom ditch. Existing drainage structures, pull boxes and sidewalks may also affect lateral offset.

Lateral offset are not noted on Form D-29 unless they differ from the standard 6 ft. offset.

Guidance. All supports should be located as far as practical from the edge of the shoulder. Exposing traffic to sign supports should be minimized by placing signs in such locations as behind existing roadside barriers or on over-crossing structures.

A minimum sight distance of signs should be maintained. There should be a minimum of 60 ft. of sight distance for each inch of letter height with a 1000 ft. minimum for all mainline signs. Signs on conventional roads should have a minimum 250 ft. sight distance. Refer to Tables 903.6.5 and 903.6.6. When this is not possible, relocating or providing additional advance signing should be considered.

Option. Where permitted, signs may be placed on existing supports used for other purposes, such as highway traffic signal supports.

Standard. If signs are placed on existing supports, they shall meet other placement criteria contained in this article.

Option. Lesser lateral offsets may be used on connecting roadways or ramps at interchanges, but not less than 6 ft. from the edge of the travelway. In urban areas where it is impractical to locate a sign with the lateral offset prescribed by this article, a lateral offset of at least 2 ft. may be used. A lateral offset of at least 1 ft. from the face of the curb may be used in business, commercial or residential areas where sidewalk width is limited or where existing poles are close to the curb.

Guidance. Post-mounted sign supports should not intrude into the usable width of a sidewalk or other pedestrian facility.

Support. Figs. 903.2.26.1 and 903.2.26.2 illustrate some examples of the lateral offset requirements contained in this portion of the article.

It is acceptable to adjust the standard lateral offset to obtain a better cross-section and still maintain sign effectiveness and visibility. For example, signposts are not placed in the center of ditches, therefore the lateral offset may be adjusted to better span a flat bottom ditch. Existing drainage structures, pull boxes and sidewalks may also affect lateral offset.

903.3.3 Mounting Height (MUTCD Section 2A.18)

Standard. The provisions below shall apply unless specifically stated otherwise for a particular sign or object marker elsewhere in the EPG.

Mounting heights for single wide-flange and all post designs are set from the edge of travelway to the bottom of the lowest sign. Mounting heights for multiple wide-flange posts are set from the edge of travelway to the bottom of the lowest sign, or the length of the shortest post, whichever requirement provides the higher clearance. Mounting heights for different designs are shown in the standard plans.

Supports for sheet SH signs, such as regulatory, warning and route shield markers, are designed to provide a mounting height of 7 ft. 0 in.

All two- and three-post signs (any LOGO sign or sign with white legend on green, blue or brown sheeting) have a minimum 7 ft. 6 in. clearance from the edge of travelway. Also, the shortest post is a minimum of 7 ft. 9 in. above the ground line to the bottom of the lowest sign. This will provide sufficient post length to allow hinge plate installation, provide a 7 ft. 0 in. clearance for errant vehicle impacts, and a 6 in. field adjustment.

Due to wide-flange post limitations, large mounting heights of 25 ft. or more are avoided by either moving the sign or considering a truss-mounted sign.

All two- and three-wide flange post signs contain hinge plates as shown in the standard plans. On the shortest post a mounting height of 7 ft. 9 in. is maintained from ground line to the bottom of the lowest sign. This will allow sufficient length of post for a hinge point cut line 3 in. from the bottom of the lowest sign. Maintaining this clearance on the shortest post is critical for exit gore and other signs located between roadways and have high exposure to traffic.

The minimum height, measured vertically from the bottom of the sign to the elevation of the near edge of the pavement, of signs installed at the side of the road in rural areas shall be 5 feet.

The minimum height, measured vertically from the bottom of the sign to the top of the curb, or in the absence of curb, measured vertically from the bottom of the sign to the elevation of the near edge of the travelway, of signs installed at the side of the road where parking or pedestrian movements are likely to occur, or where the view of the sign might be obstructed, shall be 7 feet.

Option. The height to the bottom of a secondary sign mounted below another sign may be 1 ft. less than the height specified in this article.

Signs are placed 30 ft. or more from the edge of the travelway may be installed with a minimum height of 5 ft., measured vertically from the bottom of the sign to the elevation of the near edge of the pavement.

A route sign assembly consisting of a route sign and auxiliary signs (see Route Sign Assemblies) may be treated as a single sign for the purposes of this article.

All posts except structural posts should have a minimum clearance of 5 ft. above the driving surface with a minimum post length of 5 ft. above the ground.

The mounting height may be adjusted when supports are located near the edge of the right of way on a steep backslope to avoid the sometimes less desirable alternative of placing the sign closer to the roadway.

Support. Fig. 903.2.26.1 illustrates some examples of the mounting height requirements contained in this article.

903.3.4 Pipe Posts

Support. Steel pipe posts are used for sheet (SH) signs up to 30 ft2. Available pipe size inside diameters are 2-1/2 in., 3 in. and 4 inch. Post sizes are determined using the Signpost Selection Guide. A printable Signpost Selection Guide for use in the field is also available. It is recommended to provide a two-post design for sheet sign widths greater than 3 ft. 6 in. (other than diamonds or the 48 in. and 60 in. YIELD signs). The extreme width sign, W, is calculated as: W = (area of signs + area of exposed backing bars + area of post above bottom of sign)/(extreme height of sign). For additional information, consult the Signpost Selection Guide. A Pipe Quick Reference is also available for commonly used signs and assemblies encountered in the field.

Pipe posts should be used for route marker assemblies due to their multi-directional breakaway characteristics.

It is desirable to keep posts out of the ditch flow line, when possible.

Breakaway assemblies on pipe posts are integral with the post design and are incidental to the cost of the post.

The standard plans show design data for computing the weights (masses) of pipe posts, along with data for computing footing quantities.

903.3.5 Wide Flange (WF) Posts

Support. WF posts are used for mounting signs larger than 30 ft2. The post design number is determined from Signpost Selection Guide when a sign is mounted alone or with an exit panel above the main sign. A printable Signpost Selection Guide for use in the field is also available. The extreme width sign, W, is calculated as: W = (area of signs + area of exposed backing bars + area of post above bottom of sign)/(extreme height of sign).

For post designs No. 3, No. 4, No.5 and No.6 having weights greater than 18 lbs/ft., posts shall be spaced at least 7 ft. apart. For post designs No. 1 and No. 2, posts may be spaced less than 7 ft. apart. Do not use three No. 1 or No. 2 posts with a sign width of less than 10 feet 6 inches.

In many cases, two designs are possible using a two- or three-post design chart. There are no special criteria for determining which of these two designs to use. Generally, signs from 6 to 17 ft. wide will be designed for two posts, while signs wider than 17 ft. requires three posts. It is desirable to keep posts out of the ditch flow line and median, when possible. This may be a deciding factor for a two-post or three-post design.

A single WF post shall not be used to support route marker assemblies. For larger two-post sign design combinations consult the Signpost Selection Guide. The next higher post design is used when in doubt.

Standard Plan 903.03 shows data needed for computing the weights (masses) of WF posts, along with data to compute footing quantities.

Breakaway assemblies on WF posts are integral with the post design and are incidental to the cost of the post.

903.3.6 U-Channel Posts

Support. Steel channel posts are authorized as an alternate to wood posts in accordance with the Signpost Selection Guide.

These supports are galvanized 3 lb. steel posts used primarily for installing sheet (SH) signs. Details of these posts are shown on Standard Plan 903.03.

These posts are paid for by linear foot. No additional payment is made for hardware. The number of posts to be used is based on the sign area for each installation and is determined using the Signpost Selection Guide. Breakaway assemblies are not required for steel channel posts.

Guidance. Use of these posts should be based on discussions with district Traffic.

Option. The steel channel posts may have an optional soil or stabilizer plate (¼ in. x 10 in. x 10 in.) secured to the lower portion of the post by a minimum of two 5/16 in. diameter sign bolts so that the final location of the plate on the driven post is approximately 6 in. below the ground surface. This plate may be required on posts driven into soils typically encountered in northern or southeast Missouri or river bottoms. A typical 14 ft. post is driven a minimum of 2.5 ft. into the ground with 7.25 ft. maximum from the ground to the bottom of the sign, with 3.5 ft. behind the sign.

Steel channel posts may be direct driven or installed by means of a stub.

Standard. Stubs, if used, shall be installed in accordance with Standard Plan 903.03

903.3.7 Wood Posts

903.2.6.jpg

Support. These supports are pressure treated 4 in. x 4 in., 4 in. x 6 in., or 6 in. x 6 in. wood posts used primarily for installing sheet (SH) signs. Details of these posts are shown on Standard Plan 903.03. These posts are paid for by the linear foot. No additional payment is made for slotting the larger posts or for hardware. The number of posts to be used is based on the sign area for each installation and is determined using the Signpost Selection Guide. A printable Signpost Selection Guide for use in the field is also available.

Standard. Signs shall be mounted on the 4 in. face side of the 4 in. x 6 in. wood post. Required drilling of these posts to create a breakaway system shall be performed according to Fig. 903.3.7.

Guidance. Use of these posts should be based on discussions with district Traffic.

In general, one-fourth of the length of a wood signpost should be in the ground. The minimum length of post in the ground should be 30 in. to ensure a stable installation.

Fig. 903.3.7. Details for Wood Posts Requiring Breakaway Design

Splicing Wood Posts

Standard. The district shall retain salvageable broken wood signposts for recycling.

Support. Three methods have been established for the purpose of splicing these posts. Figs. 903.3.7.1 and 903.3.7.2 represent the two methods for splicing posts both in the field and in the shop. Fig. 903.3.7.1 represents the most feasible and economical method used for splicing posts in the field. Fig. 903.3.7.2 depicts splices that can be performed in the shop or field as dictated by conditions and equipment.

Guidance. For the method as shown in Fig. 903.3.7.1, the splice should be located as near the top of the post as possible (minimum of 30 in. above the ground line) and the sign mounted on the post perpendicular to the "Z" shaped cut; that is, with the sign face perpendicular to the splicing bolts.

Fig. 903.3.7.1. Wood Post Shop Splicing Details
Fig. 903.3.7.2 Wood Post Shop/Field Splicing Details

903.3.8 Perforated Square Steel Tube Posts

Support. Perforated Square Steel Tube (PSST) is authorized as an alternate to wood posts in accordance with the Signpost Selection Guide. These supports are galvanized 2 in. or 2.5 in. square 12-gauge steel posts used primarily for installing sheet (SH) signs. Details of these posts are shown on Standard Plan 903.03.

These posts are paid for by the linear foot, for each post used. An additional bid item must be included for the anchor sleeve for each post used and are also paid for by the linear foot. Omni-Directional anchors may be used for installation in weak or loose soil conditions. No additional payment will be made for hardware.

Standard Plan 903.03 shows details for selection of anchor sleeve based on post size. The 7 ga. post anchor is used with 2 in. PSST post when the post will be installed in a concrete footing or as an option if rocky soil conditions exist.


The number of posts to be used is based on the sign area for each installation and is determined using the Signpost Selection Guide. A printable Signpost Selection Guide for use in the field and a PSST Quick Reference Guide for commonly used signs and assemblies encountered in the field is also available. Signs wider than 8 ft. should be mounted using Pipe or WF post.

PSST posts work well in paved areas where replacement of conventional signs posts is difficult and time-consuming and where frequent knockdowns occur. An island at an urban intersection would be an example of this, where the concrete surfacing prevents easy sign replacement and where accident damage is frequent.

Breakaway devices are not required for PSST posts unless required by Signpost Selection Guide.

Option. PSST posts may be direct-driven or installed by means of a sleeve that is first installed and then the post inserted and attached to the sleeve by means of a corner bolt.

Guidance. Use of these posts should be based on discussions with district Traffic.

903.3.9 Secondary Sign Supports

Support. These supports are aluminum wide-flange posts used to attach service signs and exit number panels to structural signs. Details of these posts are shown in the standard plans. There is no direct bid for these posts.

903.3.10 Backing Bars

Support. Backing bars support wide SH signs and side-by-side route assemblies. The standard plans show requirements for backing. Lengths and the weight per foot of backing bars are shown in the standard plans. Backing bars are totaled and included in the bid item for structural steel posts. Backing bars are totaled on Form D-29. If there is no structural steel posts, then the backing bars are included in the bid item for pipe posts.

903.3.11 Hinge Plates

903.2.10 Hinge Plate.jpg

Support. Hinge plates are installed on all WF post designs as shown in the standard plans. Hinge plate cut lines are 3 in. below the bottom of the lowest sign. The cut line is a minimum of 7 ft. 6 in. above the ground line on the shortest post. No direct pay is made for hinge plates.

903.3.12 Breakaway Assemblies

Standard. All signposts shall be an approved breakaway assemblies design. All sign supports used shall be in compliance with this article or the Standard Plans. Breakaway assemblies shall not be required for U-channel or wood posts.

Sign trusses and other large sign support structures that are not breakaway shall be shielded.

Support. Breakaway assemblies for PSST posts are totaled on Form D-29. All assemblies are paid for with the same bid item. Breakaway assemblies on Pipe and WF posts are integral with the post design and are incidental to the cost of the post.

Guidance. The Signpost Selection Guide should be used to determine a breakaway assembly, the correct size and number of posts for installing signs.

Option. For perforated square steel tube posts, a breakaway design may or may not be required depending on the configuration of the posts. The Signpost Selection Guide should be referenced to make an appropriate determination. Damaged breakaway signposts may be made into signpost stubs. This can be accomplished by cutting the post to the proper stub length, inverting it and using it as a stub in lieu of purchasing new stubs.

903.3.13 Orientation (MUTCD Section 2A.20)

Support. The brightness of the sign may drop 24 percent when the normal lateral offset from edge of travelway is increased to 30 feet. The legibility remains at an 80 percent level or higher when using the standard 6 ft. lateral offset. The skew angle shown on the standard plans is valid for signs on tangent sections of road regardless of lateral offset distance. The skew angle may be adjusted to maintain brightness and avoid glare for signs on curved sections of road. The plans indicate which signs require a skew angle other than that shown in the standard plans.

Guidance. Unless otherwise provided in the EPG, signs should be vertically mounted at right angles to the direction of, and facing, the traffic that they are intended to serve.

Where mirror reflection from the sign face is encountered to such a degree as to reduce legibility, the sign should be turned slightly away from the road. Signs that are placed 30 ft. or more from the pavement edge should be turned toward the road. On curved alignments, the angle of placement should be determined by the direction of approaching traffic rather than by the roadway edge at the point where the sign is located.

Option. The standard skew angle is 93 degrees. However, skew angle may be adjusted to maintain brightness and avoid glare for signs on curved sections of road. On grades, sign faces may be tilted forward or back from vertical position to improve the viewing angle.

903.3.14 Sign Identification Labels

Standard. Every MoDOT sign, regardless of the type or style, shall have two Identification Labels on the sign. The first label is placed on the front of the sign and identifies the sign as belonging to MoDOT and defines the penalty for tampering with the sign. The second label is placed on the back of the sign and identifies who fabricated the sign, their contact information and the date the sign was manufactured for warranty purposes.

Support. Identification Label design and placement details are shown on Standard Plan 903.02.

903.3.15 Post and Mountings (MUTCD Section 2A.21)

Standard. Signposts, foundations, and mountings shall be so constructed as to hold signs in a proper and permanent position, and to resist swaying in the wind or displacement by vandalism.

Plastic/nylon washers shall be used between the heads of all twist fasteners (such as screws, bolts or nuts) and the sign sheeting to protect the sheeting from the twisting action of the bolt heads. Plastic/nylon washers are available through the Sign Production Center for districts.

Support. The latest edition of AASHTO’s Specifications for Structural Supports for Highway Signs, Luminaires, and Traffic Signals contains additional information regarding posts and mounting.

Option. Where engineering judgment indicates a need to draw attention to the sign during nighttime conditions, a strip of retroreflective material may be used on regulatory and warning sign supports.

Standard. If a strip of retroreflective material is used on the sign support, it shall be at least 2 in. wide, it shall be placed for the full length of the support from the sign to within 2 ft. above the edge of the roadway, and its color shall match the background color of the sign, except that the color of the strip for the YIELD and DO NOT ENTER signs shall be red.

903.3.16 Ordering Signs

Standard. All signs installed and maintained on state routes by MoDOT staff are acquired utilizing the department’s 3rd party sign fabrication contract. When a sign need is determined, sign requests shall be submitted utilizing the vendor ordering component of SMS. The vendor order component of SMS interfaces with Sam II to create a State Purchase Order, which shall then be submitted to TS for processing. TS reviews all purchase orders to identify errors and to identify sign orders which require sign details to be created before being sent to the vendor. Normal sign orders are submitted to the vendor each Wednesday and the vendor has 21 calendar days to deliver these signs to the districts.

Options. If faster deliveries are required, there are provisions for 14- and 7-day delivery options. These special orders can be submitted any day of the week. The vendor contract also has a provision for a 36-hour emergency order which may also be submitted any day of the week. However, this special delivery option does have limitations.

Standard. The 36-hour delivery option shall only be utilized for emergency needs, including, but not limited to emergency road and bridge closures or emergency bridge weight limit changes. Due to delivery issues related to this short turnaround time, this delivery option shall not be utilized to fill orders for non-emergency needs.

903.3.17 Ordering Posts

Support. Table 903.3.17 contains information on posts.

When ordering pipe posts and stubs, note the size is the inside diameter. When ordering clamps and caps the size is the outside diameter.

Each district is to maintain a supply of signposts, based on average annual usage, for each type of post.

Table 903.3.17 Posts

Post Type Commodity Code Description
U-Channel 8013047500 POST, MEDIUM CHANNEL, #2, 6'
8013047505 POST, MEDIUM CHANNEL, #2, 6'6"
8013047510 POST, MEDIUM CHANNEL, #2, 8'
8013047515 POST, MEDIUM CHANNEL, #2, 9'
8013047520 POST, MEDIUM CHANNEL, #2, 10'
8013047525 POST, MEDIUM CHANNEL, #2, 12'
8013047527 POST, MEDIUM CHANNEL, #2, 14'
8013047528 POST, MEDIUM CHANNEL, #2, 15'
8013047529 POST, MEDIUM CHANNEL, #2, 16'
8013047530 POST, HEAVY CHANNEL, #3, 6'
8013047535 POST, HEAVY CHANNEL, #3, 9'
8013047540 POST, HEAVY CHANNEL, #3, 10'
8013047545 POST, HEAVY CHANNEL, #3, 12'
8013047550 POST, HEAVY CHANNEL, #3, 14'
8013055700 POST, SIGN, STEEL, R/W POST, 6 FT. 1 LB, STEEL CHANNEL
8013055720 POST, SIGN, STEEL, DELINEATOR POST, 7FT. STEEL CHANNEL
Pipe 8013047137 POST, SIGN, PIPE, 2-1/2 IN (I.D.) X 10 FT.
8013047139 POST, SIGN, PIPE, 2-1/2 IN (I.D.) X 12 FT
8013047141 POST, SIGN, PIPE, 2-1/2 IN (I.D.) X 14 FT.
8013047143 POST, SIGN, PIPE, 2-1/2 IN (I.D.) X 16 FT.
8013047145 POST, SIGN, PIPE, 2-1/2 IN (I.D.) X 18 FT.
8013047147 POST, SIGN, PIPE, 2-1/2 IN (I.D.) X 20 FT.
8013047171 POST, SIGN, PIPE, 3 IN (I.D.) X 10 FT.
8013047172 POST, SIGN, PIPE, 3 IN (I.D.) X 12 FT.
8013047174 POST, SIGN, PIPE, 3 IN (I.D.) X 14 FT.
8013047176 POST, SIGN, PIPE, 3 IN (I.D.) X 16 FT.
8013047178 POST, SIGN, PIPE, 3 IN (I.D.) X 18 FT
8013047180 POST, SIGN, PIPE, 3 IN (I.D.) X 20 FT.
8013047212 POST, SIGN, PIPE, 4 IN (I.D.) X 12 FT.
8013047214 POST, SIGN, PIPE, 4 IN (I.D.) X 14 FT.
8013047216 POST, SIGN, PIPE, 4 IN (I.D.) X 16 FT.
8013047218 POST, SIGN, PIPE, 4 IN (I.D.) X 18 FT.
8013047220 POST, SIGN, PIPE, 4 IN (I.D.) X 20 FT.
8013023252 STUB, SIGN, PIPE, 2-1/2 IN (I.D.) X 4 FT - 3-1/2 IN
8013023254 STUB, SIGN, PIPE, 3 IN (I.D.) X 4 FT - 3-1/2 IN
8013023258 STUB, SIGN, PIPE, 4 IN (I.D.) X 5 FT - 3-1/2 IN
8010120294 BREAKAWAY HARDWARE, SIGN, PIPE, 2-1/2 IN (I.D.) & 3 IN (I.D.)
8010120296 BREAKAWAY HARDWARE, SIGN, PIPE, 4 IN (I.D.)
Structural/Wide Flange (WF) 8013047412 POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #1, W6 X 9 - 12' 0
8013047414 POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #1, W6 X 9 - 14' 0
8013047416 POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #1, W6 X 9 - 15' 0
8013047418 POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #1, W6 X 9 - 16' 0
8013047420 POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #1, W6 X 9 - 18' 0
8013047422 POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #1, W6 X 9 - 20' 0
8013047424 POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #1, W6 X 9 - 30' 0
8013047884 POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #2, W6 X 15 - 14' 0
8013047886 POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #2, W6 X 15 - 15' 0
8013047888 POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #2, W6 X 15 - 16' 0
8013047890 POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #2, W6 X 15 - 17' 0
8013047906 POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #2, W6 X 15 - 18' 0
8013047908 POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #2, W6 X 15 - 20' 0
8013047439 POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #2, W6 X 15 - 30' 0
8013047909 POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #3, W8 X 18 - 18' 0
8013047910 POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #3, W8 X 18 - 20' 0
8013047911 POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #3, W8 X 18 - 22' 0
8013047934 POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #3, W8 X 18 - 24' 0
8013047936 POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #3, W8 X 18 - 26' 0
8013047940 POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #3, W8 X 18 - 30' 0
8013047912 POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #4, W10 X 22 - 28' 0
8013047923 POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #4, W10 X 22 - 18' 0
8013047924 POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #4, W10 X 22 - 20' 0
8013047925 POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #4, W10 X 22 - 22' 0
8013047926 POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #4, W10 X 22 - 26' 0
8013047927 POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #4, W10 X 22 - 24' 0
8013047929 POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #4, W10 X 22 - 30' 0
8013047913 POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #5, W10 X 26 - 25' 0
8013047914 POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #5, W10 X 26 - 40' 0
8013047915 POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #5, W10 X 26 - 30' 0
8010120255 POST, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #6, W12 X 35 - 40' 0
8013023388 STUB, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #1, W6 X 9 - 3' 0
8013023396 STUB, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #2, W6 X 15 - 4' 0
8013023416 STUB, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #3, W8 X 18 - 4' 6
8013023426 STUB, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #4, W10 X 22 - 5' 0
8013023436 STUB, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #5, W10 X 26 - 5' 0
8010120250 STUB, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #6, W12 X 35 - 5' 6
8010120260 FUSE PLATE, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #1
8010120262 FUSE PLATE, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #2
8010120264 FUSE PLATE, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #3
8010120266 FUSE PLATE, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #4
8010120268 FUSE PLATE, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #5
8010120270 FUSE PLATE, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #6
8010120275 SPLICE PLATE, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #1
8010120277 SPLICE PLATE, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #2
8010120279 SPLICE PLATE, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #3
8010120281 SPLICE PLATE, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #4
8010120283 SPLICE PLATE, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #5
8010120285 SPLICE PLATE, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #6
8010120290 BREAKAWAY HARDWARE, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #1, #2, #3
8010120292 BREAKAWAY HARDWARE, SIGN, STRUCTURAL DESIGN #4, #5, #6
PSST 8013047570 POST, SQUARE, PERFORATED, 2"X10'
8013047620 POST, SQUARE, PERFORATED, 2" X 12'
8013047670 POST, SQUARE, PERFORATED, 2" X 14'
8013047672 POST, SQUARE, PERFORATED, 2" X 16'
8013047575 POST, SQUARE, PERFORATED, 2.5"X10'
8013047625 POST, SQUARE, PERFORATED, 2.5" X 12'
8013047675 POST, SQUARE, PERFORATED, 2.5" X 14'
8013047679 POST, SQUARE, PERFORATED, 2.5" X 16'
8010120305 POST, DOUBLER, SQUARE, PERFORATED, 2.25” X 6’, 12 GAUGE
8013047685 SPLICE, SQUARE, PERFORATED, 1.75"X1'
8013023206 ANCHOR, SQUARE, PERFORATED, 2.25"X 3', 12 GAUGE
8013023208 ANCHOR, SQUARE, PERFORATED, OMNI DIRECTIONAL, 2.25" X 3', 12 GAUGE
8013023214 ANCHOR, HEAVY DUTY, 2.5" x 3', 7 GAUGE
8013023210 ANCHOR, HEAVY DUTY, OMNI DIRECTINAL 2.5" x 3', 7 GAUGE
8010120300 ANCHOR, HEAVY DUTY, 2.5" x 4', 7 GAUGE
8013059083 BOLT, ANCHOR, CORNER 5/16" X 2" ZINC GALVANIZED, GRADE 2 W/NUT MEDIUM
8013047689 SPLICE, SQUARE, PERFORATED, 2.25"X 1', 12 GAUGE
8013023230 ANCHOR, HEAVY DUTY, 3" X 3', 7 GAUGE
8010120302 ANCHOR, HEAVY DUTY, 3" X 4', 7 GAUGE
8013023211 ANCHOR, HEAVY DUTY, OMNI DIRECTIONAL, 3" X 3', 7 GAUGE
8013059085 BOLT, ANCHOR, CORNER 5/16" X 2 .5" ZINC GALVANIZED, GRADE 2 W/NUT LARGE
8013059100 BOLT, ANCHOR, SHOULDER 3/8" X 3.5" ZINC GALVANIZED, GRADE 2 W/NUT (USED FOR ALL HEAVY-DUTY ANCHORS)

903.3.18 Post Storage

Standard. Wood posts shall not be painted.

Guidance. Wood posts should be stacked properly to prevent warping, including bands remaining on the posts until they should be used. Steel posts should be stored so that they do not lie on the ground. Steel posts, if galvanizing becomes chipped or otherwise damaged, are not to be painted with a liquid galvanizing paint.

903.3.19 Project Contract Signing Field Checks

Support. It is suggested that district traffic personnel, in conjunction with construction and/or design personnel, conduct field checks of project contract signing as soon as the roadway has been roughed-in to the extent that the actual visibility and effectiveness of each sign can be determined.

903.3.20 Maintenance (MUTCD Section 2A.22)

903.2.18 Maintenance.jpg

Support. The storing methods are in place to prevent damage to the sign sheeting. Storing signs wet or horizontally will damage the retroreflective elements of the sheeting. MoDOT has a warranty for the sign sheeting, but improper storage will void the warranty.

Standard. If packaged signs become wet, they shall be unpacked immediately and allowed to dry. Signs shall always be stored indoors on edge. New signs shall be stored in a cool, dry area to prevent moisture damage.

Guidance. All traffic signs should be kept properly positioned, clean, and legible, and should have adequate retroreflectivity. Damaged or deteriorated signs should be replaced.

To assure adequate maintenance, a schedule for inspecting (both day and night) and replacing signs should be established. All employees whose duties require that they travel on the roadways should be encouraged to report any damaged, deteriorated, or obscured signs at the first opportunity.

Weeds, trees, shrubbery, and construction, maintenance and utility materials and equipment should not obscure the face of any sign.

Flat sign storage
Large sign storage

903.3.21 Sign Inspection and Inventory

Standard. A sign maintenance program shall be established for all routes within our systems. All signs on all routes shall be inspected once a year as follows:

A. Even numbered years a daylight inspection shall be performed.

B. Odd numbered years a night inspection shall be performed.

District database information containing sign logs for interstate, primary and supplementary systems shall be submitted to Maintenance office by July 1 of each year. It is the intention for this Division office to retain only the current year's sign logs. Each district shall retain copies of previous sign logs. The sign logs sent to the Highway Safety and Traffic Division as required by the due date list shall be copies of each district's sign logs with the district retaining the master and a backup.

Guidance. Appropriate district personnel should perform the inspection of the interstate and primary systems. The sign inventory process is typically:

A. The sign inspection log shall include every sign on all routes within our system.

B. The exact message of those signs classified as guide signs shall be provided on the sign inspection log with no abbreviations.

C. Signs other than guide signs may be abbreviated. Care should be used in abbreviations that there will be no misunderstanding as to their meaning.

D. For those signs within an assembly, such as a junction assembly, the log should reflect the total number of signs within that assembly.

E. Trailblazer signs for LOGO signs should be logged using the corresponding generic service panel (i.e.: Gas LOGO D9-7G, Food LOGO D9-7F, Lodging LOGO D9-7L, Camping LOGO D9-3, Attractions LOGO D9-7a).

F. Signs requiring maintenance should be noted on the log.

Sign inspections should be performed and recorded as follows:

A. All signs should be logged if the sign’s face is visible for that direction of travel.

B. When a sign on an intersecting road with our system is logged, the other system should be identified.

1. If possible, identify the county road or city street by name and also note whether the intersecting road is a crossroad or on the right or left.
2. This data can be noted in parenthesis in the comments section.
3. Other items which should be noted in the comments section are whether the signs are mounted back-to-back and/or at 90 degrees to another sign.

C. Slashes should be used to differentiate between lines on a sign.

D. Arrows should be recorded as follows AH (ahead), LT (left), RT (right), 45LT and 45RT.

E. Routes must be designated with a prefix in order to efficiently sort the file.

1. The designation of "IS" will be used for Interstate Routes, "US" for U.S. Routes, "MO" for Missouri lettered and numbered routes and “BU” for Business Routes.
2. Lettered prefixes will immediately precede the route designation with no space or dash between the designation and the route.
3. When the route is a business or spur route, no designation will be necessary.

F. Signs within an assembly should be numbered from top to bottom and the columns will be lettered from left to right with the first column having no letter, the second column having letter "A" and so on. (See Fig. 903.3.21 Standard Numbering for Route Marker Assemblies)

Fig. 903.3.21, Standard Numbering for Route Marker Assemblies

G. The log mile used to record the location of a sign should be the same as the log mile system established for accident data.

It is recommended an individual should be trained for proper mounting location and sign height, as well as inventory and sign ordering procedures. This individual would check to see that items marked on sign logs are accomplished within the year. The number of individuals trained in signing is based on district needs.

Sign quantities should be indicated by commodity code for each sign number within each organization. This is imperative to enable the inventory to be correctly maintained.

Support. The maximum inventory levels for all signs have been determined from the average annual usage for each type of sign. The maximum inventory represents approximately 1/3 of the average annual usage. This policy does not apply to signs used for emergency closures and routine maintenance operation traffic control signs.

The route designations used during the log process allow the records to be sorted by route without sorting out additional routes. For example, when sorting Route 3 without the designation prior to the number, one would also access Routes 35, 350 etc.

Examples of the lettered prefixes for route designations are shown in Table 903.3.21.

Table 903.3.21 Route Designations

Word Message Standard Abbreviation
Interstate IS
US Numbered Route US
Missouri Numbered Route MO
Alternate Route AL
Missouri Letter Route RT
Business Loop (Interstate Only) LP
Business Route BU
Spur Route SP
Reversible Route RV
Outer Road OR
City Street CST
County Road CRD
Ramp RP
Connector for Wye Leg CO
Rest Area RA
Weight Station WS
National Forest Service NFS
National Park Service NPS
Fish Wildlife Service FWS
Corp of Engineers COE
Department of Defense DOD
Alley ALY
Private Road PVT
Railroad RR
Pedestrian Path PED
Park Trail PK

When the route is a business or spur route, no designation will be necessary. The nomenclature is provided in Table 903.3.21.

903.3.22 Salvaged Signs

History. During the operations of MoDOT’s Sign Production Center (SPC), old signs were shipped to the Moberly Correctional Center where they were sorted and stored until the SPC submitted a request. Once the request was received, the prison would clean and straighten the appropriate sign blanks from the reclaimed inventory and ship to the SPC for production. At the peak, 75% of the sign the SPC produced were on these reclaimed sign blanks. When sign production was first outsourced, the use of reclaimed sign blanks was investigated; however, the shipping cost to the prison and then to the vendor was cost prohibitive, making the use of reclaimed sign blanks more expensive than the use of new aluminum. As a result, old signs are now sold for scrap at the end of their service life.

Support. All signs, including those that have reached the end of their service life or signs in warehouses which have become obsolete, are state property and must be disposed of as scrap. MoDOT’s policy not to transfer ownership of its signs, other than selling as scrap, makes prosecution for sign theft easy as anyone who is in the possession of one of these signs could not have legally acquired it. MoDOT does not transfer ownership of its signs, in any condition, to local jurisdictions for liability reasons.

Standard. All signs MoDOT no longer has a use for shall be disposed of by selling them as scrap. These signs are identified as the property of MoDOT using an ID label on the face of the sign.

Old signs shall be sold utilizing MoDOT accepted sale practices. When an eligible bidder is identified and awarded the bid for these materials the GS23 Bill of Sale – Traffic Control Devices shall be executed before material ownership is transferred. This bill of sale has a legal statement included which specifies any traffic control device purchased can only be utilized as scrap and not used or resold as a functional traffic control device.

Option. Old signs can be sold in large lots sold using individual bids or by utilizing an annual contract where material pickup is achieved on an "on call basis" when a sufficient quantity of signs have been compiled.

Standard. If an annual contract for an "on call" pickup is used, the price per pound for aluminum shall be based on the price index for aluminum for the day the material is received. The use of this price indexing shall be included in the contract language.

903.3.23 Response to Emergencies

Support. Risk Management has established guidelines concerning the response to replacing signs that have been knocked down or otherwise lost, see Table 903.3.23.

Guidance. The Risk Management Manual should be consulted for the proper procedures to follow.

Support. Priority ranking are defined as follows:

Priority 1 – Urgent, respond as soon as possible (day or night, weekends or holidays) suspending other lower priority work if necessary. May represent immediate hazard to the public.
Priority 2 – Repair should be accomplished as soon as practical during normal working hours, but only after Priority 1 repairs are completed.
Priority 3 – Repair should be accomplished with higher urgency than routine maintenance.
Priority 4 – Not urgent, normally considered routine maintenance.

Table 903.3.23 Incident Response Signing Plan

Signs Priority
1 2 3 4
Barricades (permanent) - X - -
Delineators - - - X
Freeway/Expressway1 - X - -
Guide1 - - X -
Information1 - - X -
Regulatory1 Critical (i.e. Stop, Yield, Do Not Enter, Wrong Way, One Way) All others - -
Warning1 - X - -
School1 - X - -
Visibility (weeds, trees, etc.) Involving Regulatory Signs or Signals All others - -
Sign Lighting - - X -
Sign Truss Structure Damage Creating a Traffic Hazard - Not A Traffic Hazard -
Lane Closure Notification/ Approval Required2 No No Yes Yes
Note: Priorities are guidelines and may be upgraded if deemed necessary
1 Damage that makes the sign ineffective.
2 NHS routes and all other routes with AADT of 1,700 or greater.

903.3.24 Median Opening Treatments for Divided Highways with Wide Medians (MUTCD Section 2A.23)

Guidance. Where divided highways are separated by median widths at the median opening itself of 30 ft. or more, median openings should be signed as two separate intersections.