Difference between revisions of "903.18 Signing for School Areas"

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m (903.16 Traffic Controls for School Areas moved to 903.19 Signing for School Areas: Per Traffic, revision to bring policy into substantial compliance with the 2009 MUTCD.)
(Per Traffic, revision to bring policy into substantial compliance with the 2009 MUTCD.)
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[[image:903.16 Traffic Control for School Areas.jpg|right|325px]]
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[[image:903.16 Traffic Control for School Areas.jpg|right|250px]]
  
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==903.16.1 Need for Standards (MUTCD Section 7A.01)==
 
  
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'''Support.'''  Regardless of the school location, the best way to achieve reasonably safe and effective traffic control is through the uniform application of realistic policies, practices and standards developed through engineering judgment.
 
  
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Pedestrian safety depends upon public understanding of accepted methods for efficient traffic control. This principle is especially important in the control of pedestrians, bicycles, and other vehicles in the vicinity of schools.  Neither pedestrians on their way to or from school nor road users can be expected to move safely in school areas unless they understand both the need for traffic controls and how these controls function for their benefit.
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==903.19.1 Size of School Signs (MUTCD Section 7B.01)==
  
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Procedures and devices that are not uniform might cause confusion among pedestrians and road users, prompt wrong decisions, and contribute to crashes.  To achieve uniformity of traffic control in school areas, comparable traffic situations need to be treated in a consistent manner. Each traffic control device and control method described in Traffic Controls for School Areas fulfills a specific function related to specific traffic conditions.
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'''Standard.''' The sizes of signs and plaques to be used on conventional roadways in school areas shall be as shown in Table 903.19.1.  
  
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A uniform approach to school area traffic controls assures the use of similar controls for similar situations (which promotes uniform behavior on the part of motorists, pedestrians and bicyclists).
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'''Option.''' Signs and plaques larger than those shown in Table 903.19.1 may be used at other locations that require increased emphasis, improved recognition, or increased legibility.
  
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A school traffic control plan permits the orderly review of school area traffic control needs and the coordination of school/pedestrian safety education and engineering activities.
 
  
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'''Guidance.'''  The type(s) of school area traffic control devices used, either warning or regulatory, should be related to the volume and speed of vehicular traffic, street width and the number and age of the students.
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===<center>''Table 903.19.1 School Area Sign and Plaque Sizes''</center>===
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{| border="1" class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto" style="text-align:center"
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==903.16.2 School Routes and Established School Crossings (MUTCD Section 7A.02)==
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|+
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! style="background:#BEBEBE" rowspan="2"|Sign or Plaque!! style="background:#BEBEBE" rowspan="2"|Sign Designation !! style="background:#BEBEBE" rowspan="2"|EPG Article !! style="background:#BEBEBE" colspan="3"|Conventional Road (in. x in.)!! style="background:#BEBEBE"|Freeway/Expressway (in. x in.)
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'''Support.'''  Not applicable to MoDOT.
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|-
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! style="background:#BEBEBE"|Single Lane!! style="background:#BEBEBE"|Multi-Lane!! style="background:#BEBEBE"| Oversized !! style="background:#BEBEBE" WIDTH=130|Mainline and Ramps
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==903.16.3 School Crossing Control Criteria (MUTCD Section 7A.03)==
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|-
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{| align="right"
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!School
 +
||S1-1||[[#903.19.8 School Sign (S1-1) and Plaques (MUTCD Section 7B.08) |903.19.8]]|| 36 X 36|| 36 X 36|| -|| -
 
|-
 
|-
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|[[image:903.16.4.1.jpg|left|thumb|245px|<center>
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!School (plaque)
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{| style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto"
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||S4-3P||[[#903.19.9 School Zone Sign (S1-1) and Plaques (S4-3P) and END SCHOOL ZONE Sign (S5-2) (MUTCD Section 7B.09)|903.19.9]]|| 36 X 12|| 36 X 12|| -|| -
 
|-
 
|-
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|'''Painting Hashes (above)'''
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!School Bus Stop Ahead
 +
||S3-1||[[#903.19.13 School Bus Stop Ahead Sign (S3-1) (MUTCD Section 7B.13) |903.19.13]]|| 36 X 36|| 36 X 36|| -|| -
 
|-
 
|-
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|'''Placing a New Sign (right)'''
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!When Flashing (plaque)
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|}
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||S4-4P||[[#903.19.14 School Speed Limit Flasher Assembly (S4-3P, S4-4P) and END SCHOOL SPEED LIMIT Sign (S5-3) (MUTCD Section 7B.15)|903.19.14]]|| 36 X 18|| 36 X 18|| -|| -
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</center>]][[image:903.16.4.2.jpg|right|135px]]
 
 
|-
 
|-
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|align="center"|'''Finishing Touches for a New School's Turn Lane in Lincoln County'''
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!Diagonal Downward Arrow (plaque)
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||W16-9P||[[#903.19.12 School Crossing Assembly (MUTCD Section 7B.12)|903.19.12]]|| 30 X 18|| 30 X 18|| -|| -
 
|-
 
|-
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|colspan="2"|[[image:903.16.4.3.jpg|center|430px|thumb|<center>'''Putting Down a Turn Arrow'''</center>]]
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!Ahead
 +
||W16-9P||[[#903.19.11 School Advance Crossing Assembly (MUTCD Section 7B.11)|903.19.11]]|| 36 X 12|| 36 X 12|| -|| -
 
|}
 
|}
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'''Support.'''  Not applicable to MoDOT.
 
  
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==903.16.4 Scope (MUTCD Section 7A.04 through 7A.10)==
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==903.19.2 Illumination and Reflectorization (MUTCD Section 7B.02)==
 +
 +
'''Standard.''' The signs used for school area traffic control shall be retroreflectorized only.
  
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'''Standard.''' This article sets forth basic principles and prescribes standards that shall be followed in the design, application, installation and maintenance of all traffic control devices (including signs, signals and markings) and other controls (including adult crossing guards, student patrols and grade-separated crossings) required for the special pedestrian conditions in school areas.
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==903.19.3 Position of Signs (MUTCD Section 7B.03)==
 +
 +
'''Support.''' [[903.2 Extent of Signing#903.2.26 Location Standardization (MUTCD Section 2A.16)|EPG 903.2.26]] and [[903.4 Overhead Guide Sign Mounting#903.4.1 Overhead Sign Installations (MUTCD Section 2A.17)|EPG 903.4.1]] contain provisions regarding the placements and locations of signs.
  
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'''Option.'''  In-roadway signs for school traffic control areas may be used consistent with the requirements of [[903.5 Regulatory Signs#903.5.7 IN-STREET PEDESTRIAN CROSSING Sign (R1-6, R1-6a) (MUTCD Section 2B.12)|EPG 903.5.7]], EPG 903.16.5.8 and EPG 903.16.5.9.
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[[903.3 Post-Mounted Signing#903.3.2 Lateral Offset (MUTCD Section 2A.19)|EPG 903.3.2]] contains provisions regarding the lateral offsets of signs.
  
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'''Support.''' Requirements discussed in [[903.1 Extent of Signing|903.1]] and [[903.5 Regulatory Signs#903.5.4 STOP Sign (R1-1) (MUTCD Section 2B.04)|EPG 903.5.4.1, Stop Sign Applications]] are applicable in school areas.
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'''Option.''' In-roadway signs for school traffic control areas may be used consistent with the requirements of EPG 903.19.8 and EPG 903.19.12.  
  
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Refer to [[903.19 Highway Signing General Information#903.19.2 Purpose of Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD Section 1A.01)|EPG 903.19.2]], [[903.19 Highway Signing General Information#903.19.3 Principles of Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD Section 1A.02)|EPG 903.19.3]], [[903.19 Highway Signing General Information#903.19.6 Maintenance of Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD Section 1A.05)|EPG 903.19.6]], [[903.19 Highway Signing General Information#903.19.8 Authority for Placement of Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD Section 1A.08)|EPG 903.19.8]] and [[903.19 Highway Signing General Information#903.19.9 Engineering Study and Engineering Judgment (MUTCD Section 1A.09)|EPG 903.19.9]] for additional information about the purpose of traffic control devices, principles of traffic control devices, maintenance of traffic control devices, authority for placement of traffic control devices and engineering study and engineering judgment, respectively.
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==903.19.4 Height of Signs (MUTCD Section 7B.04)==
 +
 +
'''Support.''' [[903.3 Post-Mounted Signing#903.3.3 Mounting Height (MUTCD Section 2A.18)|EPG 903.3.3]] contains provisions regarding the mounting height of signs.  
  
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==903.16.5 School Signs (MUTCD Section 7B)==
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==903.19.5 Installation of Signs (MUTCD Section 7B.05)==
 +
 +
'''Support.''' [[903.2 Extent of Signing#903.2.26 Location Standardization (MUTCD Section 2A.16)|EPG 903.2.26]] contains provisions regarding the installation of signs.
  
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'''903.16.5.1 Size of School Signs.''' '''(MUTCD Section 7B.01)'''
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==903.19.6 Lettering (MUTCD Section 7B.06) ==
  
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'''Standard.''' The sizes of signs and plaques to be used on conventional roadways in school areas shall be as shown in Table 903.16.5.4.
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'''Support.''' [[:Category:900 TRAFFIC CONTROL#900.1.11 Relation to Other Publications (MUTCD Section 1A.11)|EPG 900.1.11 Relation to Other Publications]] contains information regarding sign lettering.
  
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The Conventional Road sign size shall be used on public roads, streets, and highways unless engineering judgment determines that a Minimum or Oversized sign size would be more appropriate.
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==903.19.7 Sign Color for School Warning Signs (MUTCD Section 7B.07)==
 +
 +
'''Standard.''' School warning signs, including the “SCHOOL” portion of the School Speed Limit (S5-1) sign and including any supplemental plaques used in association with these warning signs, shall have a fluorescent yellow-green background with a black legend and border unless otherwise specified.  
  
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The Oversized sign size shall be used on expressways.
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==903.19.8 School Sign (S1-1) and Plaques (MUTCD Section 7B.08) ==
  
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'''Option.''' The Oversized sign size may be used for applications that require increased emphasis, improved recognition, or increased legibility.  The minimum sign size may be used on local residential streets, in urban areas, and where there are low traffic volumes and low vehicle speeds, as determined by engineering judgment.
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[[image:S1-1.jpg|center|120px|thumb|<Center>'''S1-1'''</center>]]
  
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'''903.16.5.2 Illumination and Reflectorization.''' '''(MUTCD Section 7B.02)'''
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'''Support.''' Many local jurisdictions find it beneficial to advise road users that they are approaching a school that is adjacent to a highway, where additional care is needed, even though no school crossing is involved and the speed limit remains unchanged. Additionally, some jurisdictions designate school zones that have a unique legal standing in that fines for speeding or other traffic violations within designated school zones are increased or special enforcement techniques such as photo radar systems are used. It is important and sometimes legally necessary to mark the beginning and end points of these designated school zones so that the road user is given proper notice.
  
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'''Standard.'''  The signs used for school area traffic control shall be retroreflectorized.
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The School (S1-1) sign has the following four applications:
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{| align="right"
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'''903.16.5.3  Position of Signs.''' '''(MUTCD Section 7B.03)'''
 
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'''Guidance.'''  Signs should be placed in positions where they will convey their messages most effectively without restricting lateral clearance or sight distances.  Placement therefore should consider highway design, alignment, vehicle speed and roadside development.
 
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Signs should have a maximum practical clearance from the edge of the travelway for the safety of vehicles that might leave the roadway and strike the sign supports.  Except as noted in paragraph below, signs are not to be closer than 6 ft. from the edge of a paved shoulder, or if none, 12 ft. from the edge of the travelway.
 
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'''Option.'''  In urban areas, a lesser clearance of not less than 2 ft. from the face of the curb may be used.  In urban areas, where sidewalk width is limited or existing poles are close to the curb, a clearance of 1 ft. from the curb face may be used.
 
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'''903.16.5.4 Height of Signs.''' '''(MUTCD Section 7B.04)'''
 
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'''Support.'''  [[903.3 Overhead Guide Sign Mounting#903.3.3 Vertical Clearances (MUTCD Section 2A.18)|EPG 903.3.3]] contains information regarding the mounting height of signs. 
 
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====<center>''Table 903.16.5.4 School Sign Sizes''</center>====
 
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{| border="1" class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto"
 
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! style="background:#BEBEBE"|Sign !! style="background:#BEBEBE"|Sign Number !! style="background:#BEBEBE"|Article !! style="background:#BEBEBE"|Conventional !! style="background:#BEBEBE"|Expressway (At Grade) !! style="background:#BEBEBE"|Freeway (Grade Separated) !! style="background:#BEBEBE"|Other
 
 
|-
 
|-
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|SCHOOL ADVANCE ||S1-1||903.16.5.8|| 36 x 36|| -|| -|| -
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|[[image:903.16.4.1.jpg|left|thumb|245px|<center>
 +
{| style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto"
 
|-
 
|-
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|SCHOOL ADVANCE (FLUORESCENT YELLOW GREEN)||S1-1(fyg)||903.16.5.8||36 x 36|| -||-|| -
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|'''Painting Hashes (above)'''
 
|-
 
|-
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|AHEAD||W16-9P ||903.16.5.8|| 36 x 12||- ||- ||-
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|'''Placing a New Sign (right)'''
 +
|}
 +
</center>]][[image:903.16.4.2.jpg|right|135px]]
 
|-
 
|-
−
|AHEAD (FLUORESCENT YELLOW GREEN)||W16-9P(fyg)||903.16.5.8||36 x 12||-||-||-
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|align="center"|'''Finishing Touches for a New School's Turn Lane in Lincoln County'''
 
|-
 
|-
−
|DIAGONAL ARROW PLAQUE||W16-7P||903.16.5.9||30 x 18||-||-||-
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|colspan="2"|[[image:903.16.4.3.jpg|center|430px|thumb|<center>'''Putting Down a Turn Arrow'''</center>]]
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|-
 
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|DIAGONAL ARROW PLAQUE (FLUORESCENT YELLOW GREEN)||W16-7P(fyg)|| 903.16.5.09|| 30 x 18 ||- ||-|| -
 
−
|-
 
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|SCHOOL BUS STOP AHEAD|| S3-1|| 903.16.5.10||36 x 36||-||-|| -
 
−
|-
 
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|SCHOOL||S4-3 ||903.16.5.11|| 30 x 12||-||-|| -
 
−
|-
 
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|SCHOOL (FLUORESCENT YELLOW GREEN)||S4-3||903.16.5.11|| 30 x 12||-||-|| -
 
−
|-
 
−
|WHEN FLASHING||S4-4||903.16.5.11||30 x 12||-|| -|| -
 
 
|}
 
|}
  
 +
A. School Area – the S1-1 sign can be used to warn road users that they are approaching a school area that might include school buildings or grounds, a school crossing, or school related activity adjacent to the highway.
  
−
'''903.16.5.5 Installation of Signs.''' '''(MUTCD Section 7B.05)'''
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B. School Zone – the S1-1 sign can be used to identify the location of the beginning of a designated school zone.
  
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'''Support.'''  [[903.1 Extent of Signing#903.1.19 Dimensions (MUTCD Section 2A.12)|EPG 903.1.19]] contains information regarding the installation of signs.
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C. School Advance Crossing – if combined with an AHEAD (W16-9P) plaque to comprise the School Advance Crossing assembly, the S1-1 sign can be used to warn road users that they are approaching a crossing where schoolchildren cross the roadway.
  
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'''903.16.5.6 Lettering.''' '''(MUTCD Section 7B.06)'''
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D. School Crossing – if combined with a diagonal downward pointing arrow (W16-7P) plaque to comprise the School Crossing assembly, the S1-1 sign can be used to warn approaching road users of the location of a crossing where schoolchildren cross the roadway.
  
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'''Support.''' The  Federal Highway Administration’s ''Standard  Highway Signs'' (see [[903.19 Highway Signing General Information#903.19.11 Relation to Other Publications (MUTCD Section 1A.11)|EPG 903.19.11]]) contains information regarding sign lettering.
+
'''Option.''' If a school area, school zone, or school crosswalk is located on a cross street in close proximity to the intersection, a School (S1-1) sign with a supplemental arrow (W16-5P or W16-6P) plaque may be installed on each approach of the street or highway to warn road users making a turn onto the cross street that they will encounter a school area soon after making the turn.  
  
−
'''903.16.5.7 Sign Color for School Warning Signs.''' '''(MUTCD Section 7B.07)'''
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==903.19.9 School Zone Sign (S1-1) and Plaques (S4-3P) and END SCHOOL ZONE Sign (S5-2) (MUTCD Section 7B.09)==
−
 
+
{| style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto"
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'''Standard.''' Except as noted in the two paragraphs below, school warning signs shall have a fluorescent yellow background with a black legend and border unless otherwise stated in this article for a specific sign.
+
|-
−
 
+
|width=70| ||[[image:S4-3P.jpg|left|120px|thumb|<Center>'''S4-3P'''</center>]]
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'''Option.''' MoDOT will allow the fluorescent yellow-green background on the School Advance Warning assembly and the School Crossing Warning assembly when there has been a request from the community for this sign color.  This request may be considered in order to provide consistency within a community.  MoDOT signs may be changed while the community is replacing all existing School Advance Warning and School Crossing Warning assemblies on their systems.  Where the only assemblies in the community are on the state system, our existing signs may be replaced at the discretion of the district after a request has been received.
+
|}
−
 
 
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The following school warning signs may have a fluorescent yellow-green background with a black legend and border:
 
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A. School Advance Warning sign (S1-1);
 
  
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B. AHEAD plaque (W16-9p);
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'''Standard.''' If a school zone has been designated under Missouri or local statute, a School (S1-1) sign shall be installed to identify the beginning point(s) of the designated school zone, See Fig. 903.19.9.
  
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C. Diagonal Arrow plaque (W16-7p); and
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[[image:903.19.9.jpg|center|350px|thumb|<center>'''Fig. 903.19.9, Example of Signing for a School Crossing'''</center>]]
  
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D. School (S4-3);
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'''Option.''' A School Zone (S1-1) sign may be supplemented with a SCHOOL (S4-3P) plaque.
  
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'''Guidance.'''  When the fluorescent yellow-green background color is used, a systematic approach featuring one background color within a zone or area should be used.  The mixing of standard fluorescent yellow and fluorescent yellow-green backgrounds within a zone or area should be avoided.
+
The downstream end of a designated school zone may be identified with an END SCHOOL ZONE (S5-2) sign.
  
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'''Support.'''  As a community partner, MoDOT will pay for the cost of the signs on the state system.
+
==903.19.10 Higher Fines Zone Signs (R2-10, R2-11) and Plaques (MUTCD Section 7B.10)==
  
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'''903.16.5.8 School Advance Warning Assembly (S1-1, S1-1fyg, with Supplemental Plaque).'''  '''(MUTCD Section 7B.08)'''
+
'''Standard.''' Where increased fines are imposed for traffic violations within a designated school zone, a BEGIN HIGHER FINES ZONE (R2-10) sign or a FINES HIGHER (R2-6P), FINES DOUBLE (R2-6aP), or $XX FINE (R2-6bP) plaque shall be installed as a supplement to the School Zone (S1-1) sign to identify the beginning point of the higher fines zone.
  
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'''Standard.''' The School Advance Warning assembly should be installed in advance of locations where school buildings or grounds are adjacent to the highway, except where a physical barrier such as fencing separates school children from the highway.
+
'''Option.''' Where appropriate, the following plaque may be mounted below the sign that identifies the beginning point of the higher fines zone:
  
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The School Advance Warning assembly shall be used in advance of any installation of the School Crosswalk Warning assembly (see Figure 903.16.5.9.1), or in advance of the first installation of the School Speed Limit assembly (see Figure 7B-3).
+
A WHEN FLASHING (S4-4P) plaque if used in conjunction with a yellow flashing beacon.
  
−
If used, the School Advance Warning assembly shall be installed not less than 150 ft. nor more than 700 ft. in advance of the school grounds or school crossings.
+
'''Standard.''' Where a BEGIN HIGHER FINES ZONE (R2-10) sign or a FINES HIGHER (R2-6P) plaque supplementing a School Zone (S1-1) sign is posted to notify road users of increased fines for traffic violations, an END HIGHER FINES ZONE (R2-11) sign or an END SCHOOL ZONE (S5-2) sign shall be installed at the downstream end of the zone to notify road users of the termination of the increased fines zone.
  
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If used, the School Advance Warning assembly shall consist of a School Advance Warning (S1-1, S1-1fyg) sign supplemented with a plaque with the legend AHEAD (W16-9p, W16-9pfyg) to provide advance notice to road users of crossing activity.
+
==903.19.11 School Advance Crossing Assembly (MUTCD Section 7B.11)==
  
−
'''903.16.5.9 School Crosswalk Warning Assembly (S1-1, S1-1fyg, with Diagonal Arrow)''' '''(MUTCD Section 7B.09)'''
+
[[image:W16-9P.jpg|center|120px|thumb|<center>'''W16-9P'''</center>]]
  
−
'''Standard.''' If used, the [http://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/HTM/2003/part7/fig7b-02_longdesc.htm School Crosswalk Warning assembly] shall be installed at the marked crosswalk, or as close to it as possible, and shall consist of a School Advance Warning (S1-1, S1-1fyg) sign supplemented with a diagonal downward pointing arrow (W16-7p, W16-7pfyg) plaque to show the location of the crossing.
+
'''Standard.''' The School Advance Crossing assembly shall consist of a School (S1-1) sign supplemented with an AHEAD (W16-9P) plaque.
  
−
The School Crosswalk Warning assembly shall not be used at marked crosswalks other than those adjacent to schools and those on established school pedestrian routes.
+
Except as provided in the option below, a School Advance Crossing assembly shall be used in advance (see [[903.6 Warning Signs#Table 903.6.6 Guidelines for Advance Placement of Warning Sign|Table 903.6.6]] for advance placement guidelines) of the first School Crossing assembly that is encountered in each direction as traffic approaches a school crosswalk, see Fig. 903.19.11.
−
{|style="padding: 0.3em; margin-left:1px; border:2px solid #a9a9a9; text-align:center; font-size: 95%; background:#f5f5f5" width="180px" align="right"
 
−
|-
 
−
|'''School Crosswalk Warning Assembly Figures'''
 
−
|-
 
−
|[http://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/HTM/2003/part7/fig7b-02_longdesc.htm Example of Signing for School Crosswalk Warning Assembly]
 
−
|-
 
−
|[http://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/HTM/2003/part7/fig7b-03_longdesc.htm Example of Signing for School Area Traffic Control with School Speed Limits]
 
−
|}
 
  
−
The School Crosswalk Warning assembly shall not be installed on approaches controlled by a STOP sign.
+
[[image:903.19.11.jpg|center|520px|thumb|<center>'''Fig. 903.19.11, Example of Signing for a School Crossing Outside of a School Zone'''</center>]]
  
−
A school-crossing contract shall be required prior to the installation of these signs.  All requests shall be reviewed in the district.
+
'''Option.''' The School Advance Crossing assembly may be omitted (see Fig. 903.19.14.1) where a School Zone (S1-1) sign is installed to identify the beginning of a school zone in advance of the School Crossing assembly if the distance is reasonable close or determined by engineering judgment.
  
−
A competent adult crossing guard acting for the School District shall supervise the operation of the crosswalk and the crossing of the students during hours of operation.
+
==903.19.12 School Crossing Assembly (MUTCD Section 7B.12)==
 +
 +
[[image:W16-7P.jpg|center|120px|thumb|<center>'''W16-7P'''</center>]]
  
−
'''Guidance.''' The School Crosswalk Warning assembly should be installed at marked crosswalk(s) used by students going to and from school with the exceptions of [http://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/HTM/2003/part7/fig7b-03_longdesc.htm crossings controlled by permanent signal installations].  At permanent signal installation locations, the School Crossing Warning assembly should be omitted.
+
'''Standard.''' If used, the School Crossing assembly shall be installed at the school crossing, or as close to it as possible, and shall consist of a School (S1-1) sign supplemented with a diagonal downward pointing arrow (W16-7P) plaque to show the location of the crossing.  
−
 
−
'''Support.'''  The school-crossing contract can be found on the Chief Counsel’s Office Intranet site.  The district engineer is authorized to sign all contracts for signs at school crossings.
 
−
<div id="903.16.5.10 SCHOOL BUS STOP AHEAD Sign (S3-1)."></div>
 
−
'''903.16.5.10 SCHOOL BUS STOP AHEAD Sign (S3-1).''' '''(MUTCD Section 7B.10)'''
 
  
−
'''Guidance.'''  The SCHOOL BUS STOP AHEAD (S3-1) sign should be installed in advance of locations where a school bus, when stopped to pick up or discharge passengers, is not visible to travelers for a the minimum distance shown in Table 903.16.5.10 in advance and where there is no opportunity to relocate the bus stop to provide the minimum feet of visibility.
+
The School Crossing assembly shall not be used at crossings other than those adjacent to schools and those on established school pedestrian routes.  
  
−
'''Support.'''  [http://www.moga.mo.gov/statutes/C300-399/3040000050.HTM Section 304.050, RSMo], paragraph 4, defines, by state statute the minimum allowable sight distance a school bus stop must have.  The statute says “…nor shall any passengers be taken on or discharged while the vehicle is upon the road or highway proper unless the vehicle so stopped is plainly visible for at least five hundred feet in each direction to drivers of other vehicles in the case of a highway with no shoulder and a speed limit greater than 60 miles per hour and at least three hundred feet in each direction to drivers of other vehicles upon other highways”.  While shoulder is not defined in state statutes, for this purpose it will mean a shoulder of sufficient width and strength for a school bus to be able to safely and completely leave the traveled portion of the roadway.  At those locations not meeting the requirements above, a school bus stop is not allowed.
+
The School Crossing assembly shall not be installed on approaches controlled by a STOP or YIELD sign.  
  
−
It is not intended that these signs be used everywhere a school bus stops to pick up or discharge passengers, but for use where terrain and roadway features limit the approach sight distance and where there is no opportunity to relocate the stop to another location with adequate sight distance.
+
A School Crossing contract shall be required prior to the installation of these signs. All requests shall be reviewed in the district.  
  
−
'''Standard.'''  The requirements to use the SCHOOL BUS STOP AHEAD signs are:
+
A competent adult crossing guard acting for the School District shall supervise the operation of the crosswalk and the crossing of the students during hours of operation.  
−
 
−
A.  For this policy, the school bus stop shall be defined as the location where passengers wait to be picked up or are discharged.
 
  
−
B. The sight distance shall be determined using a 3.5 ft. eye height and a 8 ft. object height.
+
'''Support.''' The school crossing contracts can be found on the [http://wwwi/intranet/cc/contracts.asp?f=TR&nav=modot Chief Counsel’s Office intranet site].
  
−
C. Each approach to the school bus stop shall be considered independently of each other, i.e. it may not be necessary to sign both approaches to the school bus stop.
+
==903.19.13 School Bus Stop Ahead Sign (S3-1) (MUTCD Section 7B.13) ==
  
−
The location of school bus stops may change from year to year.  It is therefore, imperative the district keep track of all School Bus Stop Ahead signs.  The school districts shall provide confirmation to the district office when the school bus stops are active.  This shall be done prior to the fall session.  Also, whenever the school districts are aware of a school bus stop location change, they shall advise the district office as soon as possible.
+
[[image:S3-1.jpg|center|120px|thumb|<center>'''S3-1'''</center>]]
  
−
'''Option.''' If a location has more than the minimum sight distance required by statute, as described above, but less than the values in Table 903.16.5.10, placement of the SCHOOL BUS STOP AHEAD sign may be allowed.
+
'''Guidance.''' The School Bus Stop Ahead (S3-1) sign should be installed in advance of locations where a school bus, when stopped to pick up or discharge passengers, is not visible to travelers for a the minimum distance shown in Table 903.19.13 in advance and where there is no opportunity to relocate the school bus stop to provide the minimum feet of adequate sight distance.  
  
−
====<center>''Table 903.16.5.10 Sight Distance Requirements (for use of S3-1 sign)''</center>====
+
===<center>''Table 903.19.13 Sight Distance Requirements for use of the S3-1 sign''</center>===
 
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'''903.16.5.11 School Speed Limit Flasher Assembly (S4-1, S4-3, S4-4)''' '''(MUTCD Section 7B.11)'''
+
'''Support.''' [http://www.moga.mo.gov/statutes/C300-399/3040000050.HTM Section 304.050, RSMo], paragraph 4, defines, by state statute the minimum allowable sight distance a school bus stop must have. The statute states “…nor shall any passengers be taken on or discharged while the vehicle is upon the road or highway proper unless the vehicle so stopped is plainly visible for at least five hundred feet in each direction to drivers of other vehicles in the case of a highway with no shoulder and a speed limit greater than 60 miles per hour and at least three hundred feet in each direction to drivers of other vehicles upon other highways”. While shoulder is not defined in state statutes, for this purpose it will mean a shoulder of sufficient width and strength for a school bus to be able to safely and completely leave the traveled portion of the roadway. At those locations not meeting the requirements above, a school bus stop is not allowed.
 +
 
 +
It is not intended that these signs be used everywhere a school bus stops to pick up or discharge passengers, but for use where terrain and roadway features limit the approach sight distance and where there is no opportunity to relocate the stop to another location with adequate sight distance.
 +
 
 +
'''Standard.''' The requirements to use the School Bus Stop Ahead signs are:
 +
 
 +
A. For this policy, the school bus stop shall be defined as the location where passengers wait to be picked up or are discharged.  
  
−
'''Standard.'''  A School Speed Limit Flasher assembly (see Figure 903.16.5.9.2) shall be used to indicate the speed limit where a reduced speed zone for a school area has been established (in accordance with law based upon an engineering study) or where a speed limit is specified for such areas by statute. The School Speed Limit Flasher assembly shall be placed at or as near as practical to the point where the reduced speed zone begins.
+
B. The sight distance shall be determined using a 3.5 ft. eye height and an 8 ft. object height.  
  
−
'''Guidance.'''  The reduced speed zone should begin either at a point 200 ft. from the crosswalk, or at a point 100 ft. from the school property line, based on whichever is encountered first as traffic approaches the school.
+
C. Each approach to the school bus stop shall be considered independently of each other, i.e. it may not be necessary to sign both approaches to the school bus stop.  
  
−
If a school speed limit flasher is installed, no other school flasher should be permitted.
+
The location of school bus stops may change from year to year. It is therefore, imperative the district keep track of all School Bus Stop Ahead signs. The school districts shall provide confirmation to the district office when the school bus stops are active. This shall be done prior to the fall session. Also, whenever the school districts are aware of a school bus stop location change, they shall advise the district office as soon as possible.
 +
 
 +
'''Option.''' If a location has more than the minimum sight distance required by statute, as described above, but less than the values in Table 903.19.13, placement of the SCHOOL BUS STOP AHEAD sign may be allowed.
 +
 
 +
==903.19.14 School Speed Limit Flasher Assembly (S4-3P, S4-4P) and END SCHOOL SPEED LIMIT Sign (S5-3) (MUTCD Section 7B.15)==
 +
 +
[[image:S4-4P.jpg|center|140px|thumb|<center>'''S4-4P'''</center>]]
 +
 
 +
'''Standard.''' A School Speed Limit Flasher assembly shall be used to indicate the speed limit where a reduced speed zone for a school area has been established (in accordance with law based upon an engineering study) or where a speed limit is specified for such areas by statute. The School Speed Limit Flasher assembly shall be placed at or as near as practical to the point where the reduced speed zone begins.
 +
 
 +
If a reduced school speed limit zone has been established, a School (S1-1) sign shall be installed in advance (see Table 903.6.6 For advance placement guidelines) of the first School Speed Limit Flasher sign assembly that is encountered in each direction as traffic approaches the reduced school speed limit zone. See Fig. 903.19.14.1.
 +
 
 +
The downstream end of an authorized and posted reduced school speed limit zone shall be identified with an END SCHOOL SPEED LIMIT (S5-3) sign. See Fig. 903.19.14.2.
 +
{| style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto"
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|-
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|[[image:903.19.14.1.jpg|center|439px|thumb|<center>'''Fig. 903.19.14.1, Example of Signing for a School Zone with a School Speed Limit and a School Crossing'''</center>]]||[[image:903.19.14.2.jpg|center|400px|thumb|<center>'''Fig. 903.19.14.2, Example of Signing for a School Speed Limit'''</center>]]
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−
'''Standard.''' The fixed-message School Speed Limit assembly shall consist of a top plaque (S4-3) with the legend SCHOOL, a Speed Limit (R2-1) sign, and a bottom plaque (S4-4) with the legend WHEN FLASHING.
+
'''Guidance.''' The reduced speed zone should begin either at a point 200 ft. from the crosswalk, or at a point 100 ft. from the school property line, based on whichever is encountered first as traffic approaches the school.  
  
−
School speed limits are in effect only when the flasher is operational.
+
If a school speed limit flasher is installed, no other school flasher should be permitted.  
  
−
'''903.16.5.12 Reduced speed School Zone Ahead Sign (S4-5, S4-5a).''' '''(MUTCD Section 7B.012)'''
+
'''Standard.''' The fixed-message School Speed Limit assembly shall consist of a top plaque (S4-3P) with the legend SCHOOL, a Speed Limit (R2-1) sign, and a bottom plaque (S4-4P) with the legend WHEN FLASHING.  
  
−
'''Support.'''  Not used in Missouri.
+
School speed limits are in effect only when the flasher is operational.
  
−
'''903.16.5.13 End School Zone Speed Limit Sign (S5-2).''' '''(MUTCD Section 7B.13)'''
+
==903.19.15 Parking and Stopping Signs (R7 and R8 Series) (MUTCD Section 7B.17)==
 +
 +
'''Option.''' Parking and stopping regulatory signs may be used to prevent parked or waiting vehicles from blocking pedestrians’ views, and drivers’ views of pedestrians and to control vehicles as a part of the school traffic plan.
  
−
'''Standard.''' The end of an authorized and posted school speed zone shall be marked with a standard Speed Limit sign showing the speed limit for the section of highway that follows.
+
'''Support.''' Parking signs and other signs governing the stopping and standing of vehicles in school area cover a wide variety of regulations.
  
−
'''903.16.5.14 Parking and Stopping Signs (R7 and R8 Series).''' '''(MUTCD Section 7B.14)'''
+
[[903.5 Regulatory Signs#903.5.26 Parking, Standing and Stopping Signs (R7 and R8 Series) (MUTCD Section 2B.46)|EPG 903.5.26]] contains information regarding the signing of parking regulations in school zone areas.
  
−
'''Option.'''  Parking and stopping regulatory signs may be used to prevent parked or waiting vehicles from blocking pedestrians’ views, and drivers’ views of pedestrians and to control vehicles as a part of the school traffic plan.
+
==903.19.16 School Speed Limits==
  
−
'''Support.''' [[903.5 Regulatory Signs#903.5.35 Parking, Standing and Stopping Signs (R7 and R8 Series) (MUTCD Section 2B.39)|EPG 903.5.35]] and [[903.5 Regulatory Signs#903.5.36 COMMUTER PAKING LOT RESTRICTION Sign (R7-104) (MUTCD Section 2B.41a)|EPG 903.5.36]] contain information regarding the signing of parking regulations in school zone areas.
+
'''Standard.''' Upon receipt of a school speed limit request, the district shall perform a speed study and site investigation. The school speed limit shall be 10 mph below either the posted speed limit or the 85th percentile speed, whichever is higher, as determined by the speed study. In no case shall a school speed limit of less than 25 mph be allowed.
  
−
==903.16.6 School Speed Limits==
+
'''Support.''' See [[902.4 Signal Installations and Equipment|EPG 902.4 Signal Installations and Equipment]] for more information.  
  
−
Upon receipt of a school speed limit request, the district shall perform a speed study and site investigation.  The school speed limit shall be 10 mph below either the posted speed limit or the 85<sup>th</sup> percentile speed, whichever is higher, as determined by the speed study.  In no case will a school speed limit of less than 25 mph be allowed.  Also see [[902.4 Installation of Equipment by Others|EPG 902.4 Installation of Equipment by Others]].   
 
  
 
[[image:903.16.6.jpg|center|750px]]
 
[[image:903.16.6.jpg|center|750px]]
  
 
[[Category:903 Highway Signing]]
 
[[Category:903 Highway Signing]]

Revision as of 14:51, 17 January 2012

903.16 Traffic Control for School Areas.jpg


903.19.1 Size of School Signs (MUTCD Section 7B.01)

Standard. The sizes of signs and plaques to be used on conventional roadways in school areas shall be as shown in Table 903.19.1.

Option. Signs and plaques larger than those shown in Table 903.19.1 may be used at other locations that require increased emphasis, improved recognition, or increased legibility.


Table 903.19.1 School Area Sign and Plaque Sizes

Sign or Plaque Sign Designation EPG Article Conventional Road (in. x in.) Freeway/Expressway (in. x in.)
Single Lane Multi-Lane Oversized Mainline and Ramps
School S1-1 903.19.8 36 X 36 36 X 36 - -
School (plaque) S4-3P 903.19.9 36 X 12 36 X 12 - -
School Bus Stop Ahead S3-1 903.19.13 36 X 36 36 X 36 - -
When Flashing (plaque) S4-4P 903.19.14 36 X 18 36 X 18 - -
Diagonal Downward Arrow (plaque) W16-9P 903.19.12 30 X 18 30 X 18 - -
Ahead W16-9P 903.19.11 36 X 12 36 X 12 - -

903.19.2 Illumination and Reflectorization (MUTCD Section 7B.02)

Standard. The signs used for school area traffic control shall be retroreflectorized only.

903.19.3 Position of Signs (MUTCD Section 7B.03)

Support. EPG 903.2.26 and EPG 903.4.1 contain provisions regarding the placements and locations of signs.

EPG 903.3.2 contains provisions regarding the lateral offsets of signs.

Option. In-roadway signs for school traffic control areas may be used consistent with the requirements of EPG 903.19.8 and EPG 903.19.12.

903.19.4 Height of Signs (MUTCD Section 7B.04)

Support. EPG 903.3.3 contains provisions regarding the mounting height of signs.

903.19.5 Installation of Signs (MUTCD Section 7B.05)

Support. EPG 903.2.26 contains provisions regarding the installation of signs.

903.19.6 Lettering (MUTCD Section 7B.06)

Support. EPG 900.1.11 Relation to Other Publications contains information regarding sign lettering.

903.19.7 Sign Color for School Warning Signs (MUTCD Section 7B.07)

Standard. School warning signs, including the “SCHOOL” portion of the School Speed Limit (S5-1) sign and including any supplemental plaques used in association with these warning signs, shall have a fluorescent yellow-green background with a black legend and border unless otherwise specified.

903.19.8 School Sign (S1-1) and Plaques (MUTCD Section 7B.08)

S1-1

Support. Many local jurisdictions find it beneficial to advise road users that they are approaching a school that is adjacent to a highway, where additional care is needed, even though no school crossing is involved and the speed limit remains unchanged. Additionally, some jurisdictions designate school zones that have a unique legal standing in that fines for speeding or other traffic violations within designated school zones are increased or special enforcement techniques such as photo radar systems are used. It is important and sometimes legally necessary to mark the beginning and end points of these designated school zones so that the road user is given proper notice.

The School (S1-1) sign has the following four applications:

Painting Hashes (above)
Placing a New Sign (right)
903.16.4.2.jpg
Finishing Touches for a New School's Turn Lane in Lincoln County
Putting Down a Turn Arrow

A. School Area – the S1-1 sign can be used to warn road users that they are approaching a school area that might include school buildings or grounds, a school crossing, or school related activity adjacent to the highway.

B. School Zone – the S1-1 sign can be used to identify the location of the beginning of a designated school zone.

C. School Advance Crossing – if combined with an AHEAD (W16-9P) plaque to comprise the School Advance Crossing assembly, the S1-1 sign can be used to warn road users that they are approaching a crossing where schoolchildren cross the roadway.

D. School Crossing – if combined with a diagonal downward pointing arrow (W16-7P) plaque to comprise the School Crossing assembly, the S1-1 sign can be used to warn approaching road users of the location of a crossing where schoolchildren cross the roadway.

Option. If a school area, school zone, or school crosswalk is located on a cross street in close proximity to the intersection, a School (S1-1) sign with a supplemental arrow (W16-5P or W16-6P) plaque may be installed on each approach of the street or highway to warn road users making a turn onto the cross street that they will encounter a school area soon after making the turn.

903.19.9 School Zone Sign (S1-1) and Plaques (S4-3P) and END SCHOOL ZONE Sign (S5-2) (MUTCD Section 7B.09)

S4-3P

Standard. If a school zone has been designated under Missouri or local statute, a School (S1-1) sign shall be installed to identify the beginning point(s) of the designated school zone, See Fig. 903.19.9.

Fig. 903.19.9, Example of Signing for a School Crossing

Option. A School Zone (S1-1) sign may be supplemented with a SCHOOL (S4-3P) plaque.

The downstream end of a designated school zone may be identified with an END SCHOOL ZONE (S5-2) sign.

903.19.10 Higher Fines Zone Signs (R2-10, R2-11) and Plaques (MUTCD Section 7B.10)

Standard. Where increased fines are imposed for traffic violations within a designated school zone, a BEGIN HIGHER FINES ZONE (R2-10) sign or a FINES HIGHER (R2-6P), FINES DOUBLE (R2-6aP), or $XX FINE (R2-6bP) plaque shall be installed as a supplement to the School Zone (S1-1) sign to identify the beginning point of the higher fines zone.

Option. Where appropriate, the following plaque may be mounted below the sign that identifies the beginning point of the higher fines zone:

A WHEN FLASHING (S4-4P) plaque if used in conjunction with a yellow flashing beacon.

Standard. Where a BEGIN HIGHER FINES ZONE (R2-10) sign or a FINES HIGHER (R2-6P) plaque supplementing a School Zone (S1-1) sign is posted to notify road users of increased fines for traffic violations, an END HIGHER FINES ZONE (R2-11) sign or an END SCHOOL ZONE (S5-2) sign shall be installed at the downstream end of the zone to notify road users of the termination of the increased fines zone.

903.19.11 School Advance Crossing Assembly (MUTCD Section 7B.11)

W16-9P

Standard. The School Advance Crossing assembly shall consist of a School (S1-1) sign supplemented with an AHEAD (W16-9P) plaque.

Except as provided in the option below, a School Advance Crossing assembly shall be used in advance (see Table 903.6.6 for advance placement guidelines) of the first School Crossing assembly that is encountered in each direction as traffic approaches a school crosswalk, see Fig. 903.19.11.

Fig. 903.19.11, Example of Signing for a School Crossing Outside of a School Zone

Option. The School Advance Crossing assembly may be omitted (see Fig. 903.19.14.1) where a School Zone (S1-1) sign is installed to identify the beginning of a school zone in advance of the School Crossing assembly if the distance is reasonable close or determined by engineering judgment.

903.19.12 School Crossing Assembly (MUTCD Section 7B.12)

W16-7P

Standard. If used, the School Crossing assembly shall be installed at the school crossing, or as close to it as possible, and shall consist of a School (S1-1) sign supplemented with a diagonal downward pointing arrow (W16-7P) plaque to show the location of the crossing.

The School Crossing assembly shall not be used at crossings other than those adjacent to schools and those on established school pedestrian routes.

The School Crossing assembly shall not be installed on approaches controlled by a STOP or YIELD sign.

A School Crossing contract shall be required prior to the installation of these signs. All requests shall be reviewed in the district.

A competent adult crossing guard acting for the School District shall supervise the operation of the crosswalk and the crossing of the students during hours of operation.

Support. The school crossing contracts can be found on the Chief Counsel’s Office intranet site.

903.19.13 School Bus Stop Ahead Sign (S3-1) (MUTCD Section 7B.13)

S3-1

Guidance. The School Bus Stop Ahead (S3-1) sign should be installed in advance of locations where a school bus, when stopped to pick up or discharge passengers, is not visible to travelers for a the minimum distance shown in Table 903.19.13 in advance and where there is no opportunity to relocate the school bus stop to provide the minimum feet of adequate sight distance.

Table 903.19.13 Sight Distance Requirements for use of the S3-1 sign

Posted Speed (mph) Minimum Sight Distance (ft.) Maximum Sight Distance (ft.)
30 300 500
35 300 500
40 300 500
45 300 500
50 300 510
55 300 560
60 500 625
65 500 700
70 500 740

Support. Section 304.050, RSMo, paragraph 4, defines, by state statute the minimum allowable sight distance a school bus stop must have. The statute states “…nor shall any passengers be taken on or discharged while the vehicle is upon the road or highway proper unless the vehicle so stopped is plainly visible for at least five hundred feet in each direction to drivers of other vehicles in the case of a highway with no shoulder and a speed limit greater than 60 miles per hour and at least three hundred feet in each direction to drivers of other vehicles upon other highways”. While shoulder is not defined in state statutes, for this purpose it will mean a shoulder of sufficient width and strength for a school bus to be able to safely and completely leave the traveled portion of the roadway. At those locations not meeting the requirements above, a school bus stop is not allowed.

It is not intended that these signs be used everywhere a school bus stops to pick up or discharge passengers, but for use where terrain and roadway features limit the approach sight distance and where there is no opportunity to relocate the stop to another location with adequate sight distance.

Standard. The requirements to use the School Bus Stop Ahead signs are:

A. For this policy, the school bus stop shall be defined as the location where passengers wait to be picked up or are discharged.

B. The sight distance shall be determined using a 3.5 ft. eye height and an 8 ft. object height.

C. Each approach to the school bus stop shall be considered independently of each other, i.e. it may not be necessary to sign both approaches to the school bus stop.

The location of school bus stops may change from year to year. It is therefore, imperative the district keep track of all School Bus Stop Ahead signs. The school districts shall provide confirmation to the district office when the school bus stops are active. This shall be done prior to the fall session. Also, whenever the school districts are aware of a school bus stop location change, they shall advise the district office as soon as possible.

Option. If a location has more than the minimum sight distance required by statute, as described above, but less than the values in Table 903.19.13, placement of the SCHOOL BUS STOP AHEAD sign may be allowed.

903.19.14 School Speed Limit Flasher Assembly (S4-3P, S4-4P) and END SCHOOL SPEED LIMIT Sign (S5-3) (MUTCD Section 7B.15)

S4-4P

Standard. A School Speed Limit Flasher assembly shall be used to indicate the speed limit where a reduced speed zone for a school area has been established (in accordance with law based upon an engineering study) or where a speed limit is specified for such areas by statute. The School Speed Limit Flasher assembly shall be placed at or as near as practical to the point where the reduced speed zone begins.

If a reduced school speed limit zone has been established, a School (S1-1) sign shall be installed in advance (see Table 903.6.6 For advance placement guidelines) of the first School Speed Limit Flasher sign assembly that is encountered in each direction as traffic approaches the reduced school speed limit zone. See Fig. 903.19.14.1.

The downstream end of an authorized and posted reduced school speed limit zone shall be identified with an END SCHOOL SPEED LIMIT (S5-3) sign. See Fig. 903.19.14.2.

Fig. 903.19.14.1, Example of Signing for a School Zone with a School Speed Limit and a School Crossing
Fig. 903.19.14.2, Example of Signing for a School Speed Limit

Guidance. The reduced speed zone should begin either at a point 200 ft. from the crosswalk, or at a point 100 ft. from the school property line, based on whichever is encountered first as traffic approaches the school.

If a school speed limit flasher is installed, no other school flasher should be permitted.

Standard. The fixed-message School Speed Limit assembly shall consist of a top plaque (S4-3P) with the legend SCHOOL, a Speed Limit (R2-1) sign, and a bottom plaque (S4-4P) with the legend WHEN FLASHING.

School speed limits are in effect only when the flasher is operational.

903.19.15 Parking and Stopping Signs (R7 and R8 Series) (MUTCD Section 7B.17)

Option. Parking and stopping regulatory signs may be used to prevent parked or waiting vehicles from blocking pedestrians’ views, and drivers’ views of pedestrians and to control vehicles as a part of the school traffic plan.

Support. Parking signs and other signs governing the stopping and standing of vehicles in school area cover a wide variety of regulations.

EPG 903.5.26 contains information regarding the signing of parking regulations in school zone areas.

903.19.16 School Speed Limits

Standard. Upon receipt of a school speed limit request, the district shall perform a speed study and site investigation. The school speed limit shall be 10 mph below either the posted speed limit or the 85th percentile speed, whichever is higher, as determined by the speed study. In no case shall a school speed limit of less than 25 mph be allowed.

Support. See EPG 902.4 Signal Installations and Equipment for more information.


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